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Chapter 2: Scientific Investigation & Business Research Process -…
Chapter 2: Scientific Investigation & Business Research Process
Characteristics of Scientific Research
Purposive
Help management know customers' expectation
Provide insights to what needed to be emphasized
Rigour
Good theoretical based & sound methodological design
Applies appropriate instruments to meet objectives
Testability
Set of research questions/ hypotheses must be testable
Replicability
Results of same type research sould be supported repeatedly
Accuracy/ Precision & Confidence
Designed in such manner that ensure, findings close to reality
Objectivity
Conclusion drawn based on facts derived data results analysis
Generalizability
Applicability of research in organizational setting to other settings
Parsimony
Simplicity in explaining complex situation
Approaches to Research
Induction
General principles inferred from specific observations to make valid conclusions
Bottom Up Approach
1) Specific observation
2) Premise
3)Hypothesis
4) Conclusion
Deduction
Relies on specifics inferred from general principles/ theory to make valid conclusions
Top Down Approach
1) Theory
2) Hypothesis
3) Observation
4) Confirmation
Quantitative vs Qualitative Research
Quantitative
Statistical analysis of numerical data collected (method: questionnaire)
Qualitative
Explore & understand people's beliefs, experiences, attitudes, behavior, interaction (method: interview, focus group discussions
Research Design
Exploratory
Descriptive
Descriptive
Cross-sectional
Causal/Experimental
Research Methodology
Research method: primary/secondary
Data collection method
Sampling plan
Field work plan
Analysis plan
Budget & Cost Estimation
Sample size
Difficulty of finding sampling units and geographical dispersion
Who'll do field work?
Presentation, Report & Decision Making
Business research starts with problem identification and ends with formal report