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Conditions of the nose - Coggle Diagram
Conditions of the nose
Sinusitis
Sinusitis
Acute
Chronic
Causes
Bacteria
Haemophilus Influenza
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Viral
Pathophysiology
Upper respiratory infection
Inflammation
Oedema
Increased mucus production
Ostia blockage
Mucus accumulation
Congestion
Nursing Management
Steam inhalations
Facilitate nasal
Local heat application
Decongestants
Antibiotics
Anthistamines
Fluid intake
Vaporiser/humidifier
Rhinitis
Acute
Virus
Bacteria
Winter
Droplet infection
Chronic
Repeated acute infections
Continued exposure to allergens
Allergic rhinitis
Acute
Seasonal
Grass
Pollen
Chronic
Foods
Chemicals
House dust
Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations
Sneezing
Nasal discharge
Nasal congestion
Headache
Nasal discharge
Complications
Sinusitis
Otitis media
Pneumonia
Bronchitis
Irritation of the conjunctiva
Tearing
Itching
Eyelid Oedema
Smell breath
Assessment and findings
Xrays
CT scan
Rhinoscopy
MRI
Nursing management
Patient teaching
Additional rest
Fluid intake
Decongestant nasal drops/spray
Proper disposal of formites
Open nostrils blowing
Cover the mouth
Avoid crowds
Yearly vaccination
Washing of hands
Seek medical help
Severe chest pain
Earache
Fever
Essential health information
Contagious for 1st 3 days
Use of tissue when sneezing
May last for 1 week
Proper disposal of used tissues
Self limitations
Allergic rhinitis
Record keeping of all allergens, periods/seasons
Avoid allergens
Clean the nose before drops/sprays instillations
Symptomatic treatment
Fractured nose and nasal septum deviation
Causes
Trauma
Clinical manifestation
Obstructed nasal breathing
Dryness
Bleeding
Deformity
Nursing Management
Reconstructive surgery
Epistaxis
Causes
Infection
Foreign bodies
Trauma
Drugs
Nasal tumours
Systemic Treatments
anticoagulants
Chemotherapy
Systemic diseases
Nursing Management
0.5% cocaine solution/ 1:1000 phenylephrine
Topical vasoconstrictors
Intravenous infusion
Monitor vital signs
Reassure the patient
Provide receiver or tissue paper
Patient not to blow the nose
Ice application
Apply pressure on the nose
Assist to sitting position