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comm government in USSR - Lenin - Coggle Diagram
comm government in USSR - Lenin
Lenin a
radical member of RSDLP
argued for 2nd revol.
April 1917
- returned from exile & demanded end of WW1 &
redistribution
of peasants land
→ summarised w/
'Peace, Land & Bread
oct 1917
Lenin & followers (
BOLSHEVIKS
) overthrew PG -
a coup d'état
Lenins Ideology
believed global revol. needed to replace
capitalism & Imperialism w/ socialism
→
based on Marxist view
→
capitalism would come to an end - Lenin thought WW1 was great opportunity to overthrow it
Creating soviet state
Feb → Oct 1917
: soviets (
democratic councils
) played role in governing Russia
sent representatives to
All-Russian Congress of Soviets
(
June 1917
) - discuss future
argued ARCoS become new basis for Russian Govern.
Oct Revo.
handed power to All-Russian Congress → too big so
SOVNARKOM
elected to govern Russia
SOVNARKOM
new Russian Cabinet
Lenin elected chairmain - included:
Trotsky, Stalin
passed series of decrees
that were pop.
following Oct Revo. :
Decree on Land Oct 1917
- peasants right to seize land from Church
Decree of Peace Oct 1917
- withdraw from WW1 & seek peace
Workers' Decrees Nov 1917
- 8-hour max working day & min. wage
Decree of Workers' control April 1918
- workers elect committees to run factories
→ allowed control - decrees won pop. support for regime & ending WW1 gave revol. '
breathing space
' to rebuild economy & new govern,
OCT REVOL - did not give Lenin control of areas that made up majority of territory → senior figures had large power & refused to recognise Bolshevik authority
Broad based support
evidence of democracy
→ decrees gen. pop. & reflected majority view of what was wanted
not yet a
one-party state
→
constitution of 1918
-
SOVNARKOM
responsible for
Congress of Soviets
→ representatives of many diff. parties -
incl. Mensheviks & SRs
belief of a
coalition govern.
- Lenin not persuaded & new govern. dominated by ppl who wanted Bolsheviks to govern alone
Genuine support for Bolshevik dominated govern. among workers -
conference of female factory workers Nov 1917 gave support
Constituent Assembly
Jan 1918
- Lenin turning against
democracy
→ refused results of nationwide
election
in
Nov 1917
election created a
Constituent Assembly
w/ Bolshevik minority & met in Jan 1918
→ closed after
ONE DAY
- 'posed a threat to power of soviets'
March 1918
-
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
gave away proportion of Russian territory to central powers to end involvement in WW1
→ Unpop. & therefore Bolsheviks lost soviet election in April & May 1918
→
retain power = not recognising results & Mensheviks & SRs expelled from soviets
Lenin able to consolidated Bolshevik power & democracy was becoming hard to see
Tsar overthrown by
Provisional Government
→
freedom of expression, assembly & religion
General INFO
Russian Civil War
Senior members wanted to re-establish
Tsarist Rule
others wanted
military dictatorship
SRs & Mensheviks wanted more democratic socialist govern.
Jan 1918
- anti-Bolshevik army in Don region, rival govern. in Siberia by SRs, SRs in
Ufa
tried to revive
CA
Summer 1918
- civil war w/ enemies of Bs gaining ground in first 6 months of 1919
RA began to win after failure of anti-Bs to capture capital -
won victories against anarchist armies in Ukraine, Authoritarian goven, in Siberia
Govern during civil war
govern. became
centralised
Comm party became increasingly powerful
centralised
economy w/ policy of war communism
political centralisation - worked through
Nomenklatura
not democratic soviets
Trotsky
RA leader
made it more
Authoritarian
- intro. conscription, punishments & relied on Tsarist generals
→ ensured govern., economy & army were able to win the war - BUT took power away from who communists claimed to represent
workers etc