Indirect Teacher Strategies : :

Culturally Responsive Indirect Instruction

Different cultures expect information to be transmitted that is particularly relevant


  1. present content from the frame most dominant in the classroom
  2. clarify the nature of the frame through which learners must see and interact with the content
  3. negotiate the frame with students at the start of the lesson

consider students' cultures and language skills when planning learning objectives and activities

Using Student Ideas Productively

Cognitive Processes of Learning

Content Organization

meaningful learning

reception

availability

activation

constructivist thinking

reading

writing

mathematics and science

social studies

basic reading skills with a balanced approach

problem-solving context by focusing learners' attention on the importance of communication

learners become actively involved in exploring, predicting, reasoning, and conjecturing

have the goal of helping learners acquire a rich network of understandings around a limited number of topics

use advance organizers

concept learning

inquiry learning

problem-centered learning

In Practice Focus on Inquiry Learning

  1. ask
  1. Investigate
  1. Create
  1. Discuss
  1. Reflect

encourage students to use examples from their own experiences

share mental strategies with studnets

ask students to seek clarification of things they already know

encourage understanding and retention of ideas by relating them to their own concerns