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3.1 Conservation of Energy - Coggle Diagram
3.1 Conservation of Energy
Conservation
Systems
In a closed system with no energy transfers in or out, the total energy is constant
Law of Conservation
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another
Energy Transfers
Gravitational Potential Energy
GPE = mass x gravitational field strength x height
Objects at a height have GPE
Vehicle Braking
KE → heat energy by friction in brakes
Vehicle slows down
Kinetic Energy
KE = ½ x mass x velocity
Moving objects have KE
Doubling speed quadruples KE
Electric Kettle
Electrical energy → heat energy
Energy wasted as sound & heat to surroundings
Bungee Jumper
GPE → KE as jumper falls
As cord stretches,KE → elastic potential energy, slowing down the jumper
Efficiency
Lubrication
Reduces heat loss due to friction
Efficiency
Less waste energy means a more efficient appliance
Total energy supplied / useful energy transferred
Insulation
Reduces heat loss to surroundings
Waste Energy
Some supplied energy is transformed into non-useful forms
Thermal Conductivity
High thermal conductivity means greater rate of energy transfer