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LOCAL HORMONES - Coggle Diagram
LOCAL HORMONES
HISTAMINE
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MAST CELLS, EXPRESSING RECEPTORS FOR IgE on cell surface.
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HISTAMINE HAS 4 RECEPTORS H1, H2, H3,H4 -THEY ARE ALL G-protein COUPLED RECEPTORS.
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H1 RECEPTOR
- dilates arterioles decreases TOTAL PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE
-INCREASED PERMEABILITY OF POST CAPILLARY VENULES.
-ALGESIA(PAIN),SNEEZING CAUSED BY STIMULATION OF SENSORY NERVE.
-bronchoconstiction
-decrease BP
H2 RECEPTOR
SECRETES GASTRIC ACID, INCREASES HEART RATE TACHYCARDIA
H1 ANTAGONIST
1st gen
mepyramine, diphenhydramine.promethazine
2nd gen
terfenadine, (fexofenadine)- active non- toxic metabolite of terfenadine
reduce minor inflammatory reactions no significance In asthma, 1st gen are sedative, some reduce motion sickness(anti-ematic), 1st gen antimuscarin actions
H2 ANTAGONISTS
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reduce gastric acid secretions, increase breakdown of histamine, cimetidine decrease p45o activity
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SIGNS: -CALOR- warmth, -RUBOR- redness, -DOLOR- pain, TUMOR- swelling and function lasea(loss of function)
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ACUTE INFLAMMATION: SEPSIS, ANAPHYLAXIS
Many of the signs of inflammation are produced by chemical mediators known as 'Autocoids' or 'Local Hormones'
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