Chap 10: Cultural Impact of Globalisation

Success Criterias:

SC 1: Describe what is homogenisation and hybridisation

SC 2: Explain how globalisation results in cultural homogenisation and hybridisation

SC 3: Explain how Singapore responds to tension resulting from homogenisation and hybridisation of culture

LT 1: Describe what is homogenisation and hybridisation

SC 4: Explain how globalisation results in homogenisation and hybridisationin entertainment

SC 5: Explain how countries respond to the tensions caused by homogenisation and hybridisationin entertainment

SC 6: Explain how globalisation results in homogenisation and hybridisation in food

SC 7: Explain how countries respond to the tension caused by homogenisation and hybridisation in food.

What is homogenization?

Process of making cultural identify uniform or similar

Local cultures are changedby foreign cultures

To become more and more similar with aspects of foreign cultures

Some foreign cultural influences will become dominant

Influence of local culture will be less prominent

What is Cultural Hybridization?

Process of combining aspects of different cultures to create a fusion identity

Foreign and local cultures are blended

This will result in a unique combination

Will contain elements from both cultures

Will change the nature of local culture

LT 2:Explain how globalisation results in cultural homogenisation and hybridisation

Explain how globalisation results in cultural homogenisation

Globalisation (transportation / communication) →an increase in economic exchanges around the world

Increased access and consumption of goods and services from across borders

Explain how globalisation results in cultural hybridisation

Exposure →exchange of cultures, in areas of food and entertainment

When people find features of other cultures more attractive than their own, they choose to embrace these foreign cultures

When a foreign culture spreads across a country, overshadowing the local culture, this results in cultural homogeneity

Eg. English

Globalisation (transportation / communication) →increase in economic exchanges around the world.

Increased access and consumption of goods and services from across borders

Exposure →exchange of cultures, in areas of food and entertainment

When people find features of other cultures attractive, they may chooseto include certain features of the foreign culture into their own local culture

Mosaic Park in China Jinzhou

LT 4: Explain how Singapore responds to tension arising from homogenisation and hybridisation of culture

Tension: Threat to local culture

Reasons of existance

When cultures are adapted to form fusion ideas →loss of the original identity from both sides →loss of original / local culture

When culture is homogenised →loss of local culture (e.g. loss of local MT languages due to EL)

Measures:

Measures must ensure that local culture is not lost Balance between old and new (revised) cultureMTL vs EL

Bilingualism as a measure to resolve the tension

LT 4: Explain how globalization results in homogenization in entertainment

Globalisation (communication) →satellite television (cable) + internet →more exposure to foreign entertainment

dominate the entertainment industry

S Korean Entertainment Industry

LT 4:Explain how globalisation results in hybridisation in entertainment

Globalisation (communication) →satellite television (cable) + internet →more exposure to foreign entertainment

Eg. attraction that American ideals of independence and individuality -> Hollywood

American Entertainment Industry

Kung Fu Panda

LT 5 :Explain how countries respond to the tension caused by homogenisation and hybridisation in entertainment

local entertainment companies are unable to sustain themselves and survive

Unable to survive the competition

Entertainment industry dominated by USA

Solutions

setting up of the Singapore Film Commission in 1998

Movies are screened in conjunction with local holidays and events

Threat to local cultural / national ideals

Continued exposure to foreign entertainment

Banning Miley Cyrus Concert in Dominican Republic

Boycott of Kung Fu Panda

Japanese rejection of Hallyu

LT 6:Explain how globalisation results in homogenisation and hybridisation in food

Advancement in transportation and technology→ Introduction of foreign influences on food landscape across and within countries

With greater travel and quicker access to information on the internet, people are exposed to a larger variety of food

As they bring these influence into their own country, people are able to experience cuisines from across the world without even having to travel out of the country

Eg. Coffee →homogenised coffee culture

Rise of coffee houses (Starbucks, Coffee Bean, Coffee Club etc.)

Eg. The McDonalds phenomenon

Singapore having over 100 outlets

LT 7 :Explain how countries respond to the tension caused by homogenisation and hybridisation in food

Resistance from countries who do not welcome the change in their food landscape

Measures

To protect the culinary heritage of their country:

Collaborations with other countries

Seeking international recognition

Collaborations with other countries

Seeking international recognition

-> protect diversity in the food landscape

Eg. Eurotoques

Eg. Promote culinary heritage (local)

To enable better promotion of dying food landscape across the world

To combat the fast growing competition from fast food

Eg. Seeking UNESCO status for iconic native food items