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Midterm Review - Coggle Diagram

- - - - different types of objects on the HR diagram
      - how to determine the age of a cluster by reading the HR diagram
      - What is an HR diagram
- - - - How is each defined
      - Most important: horizon and equatorial
    - - Why and how do stars positions change daily
      - How do stars' positions change throughout a year
      - What motions alter the coordinate systems and why
    - - How to figure out the Seasonal Observability of objects
      - How to figure out the Diurnal observability of objects
    - - Keeping track of a day: sidereal day vs. solar day, apparent and mean solar time, LST, UT, UTC, JD
      - Keeping a year, and why we need leap years
- - - - Components and working mechanism
      - Key characteristics, quantify performance
    - - Types of noise and calibration frames
      - Image reduction procedure and math
    - - Extraction procedure
      - Differential photometry and converting to standard magnitudes
      - Basic SNR estimation for simple aperture photometry using CCD with background
  - - - Gratings: grating equation, characteristics and key quantities
      - Basic concepts
    - - Basics and goals
      - key differences (additional steps) compared with basic image processing
    - - Redshift and radial velocity
      - Lines: key characteristics, basic quantities, why they are useful