Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS, Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez 26988 MED 417…
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS
PEPTIC ULCERS: GASTRIC AND DUODENAL
Lesion of gastric mucous membrane
Can be diagnosed by: endoscopy and barium study
Can be caused by:
H. pylori, stress, amoking, damaging drugs, hereditary
Marked by inflammation and tissue damage
Duodenal ulcer
May have weight gain
Pain occurs 2-3 hours after a meal
Ingestion of food relieves pain
Hypersecretion of stomach acid (HCI)
Vomiting uncommon
Gastric ulcer
Weight loss may occur
Pain occurs 1/2 to 1 hour after a meal
Ingestion of food does not help
vomiting common
Normal-hyposecretion of stomach acid
COLORECTAL CANCER
Polyps often become cancerous
Colon and rectum most likely affected area
Risk factors:
Diet low in fiber, high in fat
Chronic inflammation of colon (colitis)
Exposure to damaging drugs
Symptoms
Bleeding into intestine
Weakness and fatigue, cramping or abdominal pain
Rectal bleeding. Dark stools or blood in the stool
A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation or narrowing of the stool
Diagnosis:
colonoscopy
Treatment may require surgical removal of portion of gi tract
INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTIONS
Hernia
Protrusion of organ through abnormal opening
Pyloric stenosis
Opening between stomach and small intestine too narrow
Volvulus
Intestinal twisting
Ileus/Paralytic ileus
Partial / complete non - mechanical blockage caused by lack of peristalsis
Hemorrhoids
Internal: usually painless, tend to bleed
Varicose veins in the rectum
External: painful
Sigmoid volvulus
Diagnosis
Plan film, abdominal CT scan, contrast enema
Management
Flexible sigmoidoscopy, surgery
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE(GERD)
Reflux of gastric juices caused by weakness at gastroesophageal junction
Heartburn likely to occur after meals, when lying down, with hiatal hernia and pregnancy
Treatment
Weight loss
Elevate head
Avoidance of irritating foods
Drugs, surgery
Symptoms
regurgitation, belching, heartburn, sore throat, hoarseness, chest tightness, asthma symptoms, difficulty swallowing
INFLAMMATORY INTESTINAL DISORDERS
Crohn disease
Chronic inflammation of intestinal wall segments, usually ileum
May cause pain, diarrhea, abscess, formation of fistula
Symptoms
Severe diarrhea, low grade fever, bloody stools, weight loss, nausea and vomiting
Ulcerative colitis
Continuous inflammation of colon lining, usually rectum
Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez
26988
MED 417 T2