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BMET1960: Biomedical Engineering 1A - Coggle Diagram
BMET1960: Biomedical Engineering 1A
Wk1: Medical Imaging
Emission Tomography
biological pathway of labelled molecule is tracked through body
SPECT (
Single Photon Emission CT)
PROCESS:
Radioisotope decays by gamma emission. Isotropic emission: detector must rotate around source.
PET
(Positron-Emitting)
PROCESS:
Positron annihilation with electrons produces 2 gamma rays. Detection of coincidence locates accumulation.
Motion in Medical Imaging
Types of Motion
INVOLUNTARY:
organ motion (cardiac/respiratory) or body motion (tremors/reflex)
VOLUNTARY:
discomfort, anxiety, forgetful, boredom, non-compliance
Motion Correction/Compensation:
IMAGE REGISTRATION:
Scans broken up to reconstruct and realign
GATING:
when motion is periodic
, grouping data from same point of time
DECONVOLUTION:
de-blurring
EVENT-BY-EVENT BASED COMPENSATION:
PET,
each event is adjusted based on known motion (
via camera
) to location if stationary
DATA APPROACHES:
estimating motion and fix corrupted data
Preventing Motion
Passive Restraint
(pillow, head holder, vacuum mold)
for comfort
Forcible Restrain:
(thermo-plastic mask, invasive stereotactic frame, surgical fixation)
Drugs:
Sedation, anaesthesia, paralysis drugs
PROBLEMS:
motion is hard to prevent, invasive (risk/time/cost), induce stress, involuntary is impossible to prevent
Structural Tomography
CT
Computer Tomography
PROCESS:
xray beams travel through source and detectors measure absorption of emissions through source to form image contrast
Wk2: Engineering Ethics,Regulatory Affairs
Engineering Aus Code of Ethics
Demonstrate Integrity
(micro)
- act impartially, honestly and truth
Practice Competently
(micro)
- maintain professional competence and practice within area
Exercise Leadership
(macro)
- represent profession and promote skills/development
Promote Sustainability
(macro)
- recognise stakeholders and requirements of future generations
Ethical Theories
ETHICAL EGOISM
- personal interest
UTILITARIANISM
- consequences/outcomes, maximising human happiness
DUTY ETHICS
- adjudicated according to a set of subjective rules
RIGHTS ETHICS
- upholds rights of all parties, consequences not considered
VIRTUE ETHICS
- motivated by compassion, courage, outcomes less important
Wk3: Anatomy & Physiology
Nervous System
The Neuron
1.Dendrites
receive most information from neurotransmitters
2. Soma
inteprets electrical changes in neuron and puts information in the axon hillock.