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:fire: Stressors and Workload (2022), WORKLOAD OVERLOAD:TIMELINE MODEL,…

- - - - SLEEP DEPRIVATION/LOSS
        
        tasks performance will be affected
      - LOW CIRCADIAN RHYTHM
        
        Lacks of focus and attention
    - - Napping
        
        take a brief nap for around 15 to 20 minutes
      - Get Enough sleep
        
        Sleep at least 8 hours a day
      - Sleep managements
        
        creating a sustainable plan to manage and treat your sleep disruption.
    - - Sleep disruptions exist when sleep is insufficient to support adequate alertness, performance, and health, either because of reduced total sleep time or fragmentation of sleep by brief arousals
  - - - Performance is deteriorating
      - Fatigue accumulation; extended periods of performance without rest.
    - - Truck and Bus Driver
  - - - Time
      - Event Salience
      - Signal Rate
      - Arousal level
    - - Duration of watches
        • Fairly frequent rest breaks
      - Signal enhancement
        • Signals should be made more salient.
      - Alter criterion for detecting signals, changing signal expectancy
      - Create or sustain a higher level of arousal
- - - - Implement the task management strategies in order to
        better distribute the workload
      - Task resource demands & automaticity
        
        Suggests that all tasks are equal in their contribution to task
        overload.
        
        Multiple resources
        
        Overlapping resources
- - - - Regions below comfort zone
      - Effects
        
        Disruption of coordinated motor performance coordinated by hands and fingers.
      - Recommendations for remediation
        
        Appropriate Clothing
        
        Gloves
        
        Mittens
      - Definition
        
        Cold stress occurs by driving down the skin temperature, and eventually the internal body temperature
    - - Definition
        
        Region in the space of temperature and humidity where most work appears to be most productive
    - - Effects
        
        Decrements in performance
        
        Difficulty in processing information
        
        Leads to health problems : dehydration, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, or heat stroke
      - Recommendation for Remediation
        
        Choice of Clothing
        
        Redesign job activity
        
        fans can be employed appropriately
      - Regions above comfort zone
      - Definition
        
        Heat stress represents a set of circumstances in which the body is under stress as a result of excessive heat in the environment.
  - - - transportion can be cause motion sickness.
        
        Vehicle, aircraft, mining explosion
      - simulation especially VR simulation/ games can cause motion sickness
        
        Also known as simulator sickness
      - How it effects human body
        
        Discomfort, headache/ tightness around the head, nausea, hard to focus and absorb information, dizzy, sensitive to noise, stress, losing balance
      - between about 2 and 80 Hz
        
        Human body is sensitive to vibration between 4 and 8 Hz
    - - Repetitive motion disorder
        
        a family of muscular conditions that result from repeated motions performed in the course of normal work or daily activities.
      - Examples
        
        handheld power saw
        
        Helicopter
        
        ground driller
      - Effects
        
        body posture
        
        upper/lower back pain
        
        performance visual task
      - The range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) which is between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz).
- - - - Definition
        
        Lack of oxygen especially in high altitudes
- - - - Yerkes-Dodson Law
  - - - b. arousal affects attention
- - - - Why is there differences in cognitive appraisal?
        
        Fail to:
        
        understand the risk
        
        perceive the circumstances of risk
        
        in control of the situation
        
        Over confident
  - - - Anxiety and danger increase the level of psychological arousal in terms of heart rate, pupil diameter, hormonal chemistry
      - Simpler tasks cause Optimum Level of Arousal (OLA) to get higher
      - Complex tasks cause OLA to be lower
      - Cause of arousal increase to optimum level
        
        Facilitatory effect of investing effort
    - - Needing stimulation to help arise them
        
        Eg: hanging out with friends and having fun/engage with physical activity
    - - Finding activities that calm and relax
        
        Eg: Take a bath/listen to music