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Nervous Tissue - Coggle Diagram
Nervous Tissue
general functions of nervous system:
collect information- receptors monitor changes in internal and external environment called stimuli
process and evaluate information
initiate response to information- effectors- muscle contraction/ relaxation, or change in gland secretion activity
structural organization of nervous system:
CNS- includes brain and spinal cord
PNS- includes nerves which are bundles of axons of neurons and ganglia which are clusters of neuron cell bodies located along nerves
Nerves
components:
axons
bundle to make fascicles
connective tissue layers
epineurium: dense irregular connective tissue that encloses nerve
Perineurium: dense irregular connective tissue that wraps each fascicle. supports blood vessels
endoneurium: areolar connective tissue that surrounds each axon, separate and electriccally insulate each axon.
blood vessels
branch and extend through both the epineurium and perineurium to become capillaries.
capillaries: associated with the endometrium and function as the site of exchange of substances between axons of neurons and blood
Structural classification:
based upon the CNS component from which the nerve extends:
Cranial nerves: extend from brain.
Spinal nerves: extend from spinal cord
Functional classification:
based upon functional type of neuron: sensory or motor
Sensory neurons
Sensory nerves contain only sensory neurons that send information to the CNS
motor neurons
Motor nerves contain only motor neurons that send information away from the CNS
functional organization of nervous system:
Sensory nervous system: responsible for receiving sensory information from receptors and transmitting the information to CNS... called sensory input. Two types: Somatic sensory- detect stimuli that we can consciously perceive. Receptors associated with 5 senses, proprioceptors receptors that detect body position
Motor nervous system: controls effectors, responsible for initiating and transmitting motor information from the CNS to the effectors called motor output. Two types: somatic motor- initates and transmits motor output from the CNS to skeletal muscles. Autonomic or visceral innervates and regulates the other types of effectors that can only be involuntary like cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.