cold water supply system in a building
Direct system
Indirect system
water is supplied direct from mains to fixtures
water going to overhead tank and then the water is supplied to different floors by gravity
advantage
fresh drinking water may be obtained at any point
saving pipe work especially in multistory building
this is due to cold water distribution pipe from the cistern being ommited
disadvantage
during peak periods there is a tendency for the lowering of pressure in pipe work
if there is a mains burst there is no store of water
danger of foul water from the sanitary fittings being siphoned back into the main water
advantage
in case of an interruption in the mains supply there is an adequate store of water
there is no tendacy of pipe bursting due to the low pressure in pipe work
thre is no risk of back siphon age with this system
disadvantage
fresh drinking water is only available at the kitchen sink
longer pipe runs are required
a larger storage cistern is nenecessary
Parts of water distribution system
distribution pipe/supply system
service pipe
riser
fixture branch
fixture supply
water supply and distribution system
hot water supply system in a building
introduction
uses of hoter for example domestic use,cooking,heating,cleaning,bathing etc.
using an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature
types of hot water system
alternative energy
hot water heat recovering
geothermal heating
heat pumps
solar energy
-therymodynamic process
solar energy
ground source heat pump
heat recovering unit
electrical heating system
the cost more expensive
types
storage systems
tank less water system(instantaneous water heaters
advantage
long term energy savings
unlimited hot water
less physical space
reduced risk of water damage
disadvantage
start up delay
no operation with low pressure
advantage
high flow rates
power shower capability
low maintenance costs
less risk of being without supply
disadvantage
pre heat how water needed
hot water require recovery time
low maintenancce costs
risk of pipes freezing in winter
solar heating system
water heated by the use of solar energy
composed of
a water storage tank
interconnevting pipes
solar thermal collectors
a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to the tank
solar collector typically 3-6m2 in area
standard package with appliances
solar heating in malaysia
malaysia has a high solar energy potential
clean energy of tomorrow
solar energy or solar photovoltaic
attractive incentive to encourage usage of solar energy
advantage
safety-no gas leak,no dangerous explosion,
product pays for itself
convenient
saving-no electric bills,no gas bills
plumbing
is the art and technique of installing pipes,fixtures&other apparatuses in buildings&for bringing the water supply,liquids
from the latin plumbum for lead as pipes were once made from lead
plumbing cycle
1) supply
2)distribution
3)use
4)collection
5)disposal
6)treatment
7)source