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The Bourboun Restoration, LUKAS DIEZ LASA - Coggle Diagram
The Bourboun Restoration
The First Spanish Republic ended in December 1874
After a military uprising which proclaimed Alfonso XII king
Bourbon Restoration
Cánovas del Castillo
The Reign of Alfonso XII and of Maria Cristina
Alfonso XII was a period of political stability
Economy grew under the stabilising impact of the new political system
Canovist system
The Constitution of 1876
Constitutional monarchy as the only legal form of government
Shared sovereignty between the monarch and the Cortes
Type of suffrage was determined by each government
Universal male suffrage was re-established
Bipartisanship
System of two alternating official political parties
Government was led by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Liberal government was led by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
Caciquismo
Rural areas allowed elections to be manipulated
Victory of the party previously chosen by the government
The disaster of 98
The causes
Demands of the Cuban Creole bourgeoisie for political autonomy
Economic freedom
Rejection of the demands of the Creole bourgeoisie
Consequences
The demoralisation of the Spanish people
The appearance of regenerationism
The economic crisis caused by the loss of the colonial market
Te involvement of USA
Biggest buyer of Cuban sugar and tobacco
Could only sell 32% of its own products in Cuba
The United States offered to buy the island from Spain
The United States Government offered to buy the island from Spain
United States decided to support the Spanish colony
The Reign of Alfonso XIII
Was faced with a series of problems
End of the constitutional monarchy
Political conflict
Constitution of 1876 was still in effect
Collapse due to internal divisions in both parties
Other parties were increasing
Partido Socialista Obrero Español
Republican parties
Regionalist parties
Partido Nacionalista Vasco
Lliga Regionalista de Catalunya
The development of the workers' movement
Workers' movement continued to fight
Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT)
Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT)
Important concessions
Eight-hour working day and six-day working week
Creation of a pension system
New laws to regulate female and child labour
Legal recognition for trade unions
War in Morocco
Following the Disaster of 98
Spanish government decided to regain international prestige
Conference of Algeciras in 1906
Spain established a protectorate over its newly acquired territories
Outbreak of war (1909-1927)
Tragic Week (1909)
Spanish reservists were sent to the war in Morocco
Barcelona there was a popular protest
by workers and families of soldiers
Annual disaster (1921)
Spanish troops were defeated at Annual in Morocco
Many soldiers lost their lives
The military problem
Very critical of the army because of its defeats in Morocco
Extensive involvement of the military in Spanish political
Compulsory military service also created discontent
Wealthier people could avoid military service by paying
This practice was abolished in 1912
Government was overthrown
By a military coup
Led by General Miguel Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera established a dictatorship
LUKAS DIEZ LASA
