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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS II, Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez 26988 MED…
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS II
HEPATITIS A, B AND C
inflammation of the liver
more than six types of viral infections
Hepatitis A
Clinical
symptoms develop 2-3 weeks after infection and last 8 weeks
nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
fever, jaundice, abdominal pain
spread by fecal - oral contamination
Diagnosis
anti-HAV IgM and IgG positive in acute infection
Hepatitis B
spread by blood and other body fluids
Symptoms
anorexia, weight loss, fever, chills, jaundice, dark urine
Treatment
rest, activity as tolerated, nutrition, hydration
Hepatitis C
spread through blood or close contact to infected person
CIRRHOSIS
chronic liver disease mainly caused by excess consumtion of alcohol
characterized by:
hepatomegaly, edema, ascites, jaundice
as it progresses:
splenomegaly, internal bleeding and brain damage
GALLSTONES
Cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
Divided into:
acute calculous CS:
85 -90% cases
acute acalculous Cs:
10 - 15% cases
Clinical
progressive right upper quadrant or epigastric pain
mild fever, anorexia, tachycardia, sweating, nausea, vomiting , + hyperbilirubinemia
Cholelithiasis
presence of stones in gallbladder
usually associated with cholecystitis
murphy"s sign present
fever and chills may be present
4F"s:
fat, forty, female, fertile
Cholangitis
same as cholecystitis
jaundice, altered mental status and shock
Diagnosed by:
ultrasonography
radiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Treatment may involve:
drugs to dissolve stones
cholecystectomy
ACUTE PANCREATITIS
inflammation of pancreas
may result from:
gallstone obstruction, alcohol abuse, infections, drugs toxixity
Diagnosis
1.
typical abdominal pain
2.
serum lipase or amylase activity >3x upper limit normal
3.
characteristic CT findings
Current management in acute pancreatitis
conservative approach
adequate pain relief
intravenous fluids and enteral feeding
no prophylactic antibiotics
in case of multi organ failure ---- ICU
Mauren Michelle Lopez Martinez
26988
MED 417 T2