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Dental Pulp & Occlusion, Dyandra Wirahana Hasan - 2106717682 - Coggle…

- - - - Nourishes the dentin via odontoblasts and the blood vessel system.
    - - Reacts to all stimuli with pain.
    - - Produce the dentin that covers and surrounds the pulp.
    - - Produce reparative dentin and mineralize any damaged dental tubules
    - - To encourage the differentiation of oral epithelial cells into dental lamina and the creation of enamel organs.
  - - - Root canals (pulp canals) are the portions of the pulp cavity located within the root(s) of a tooth. Root canals connect to the pulp chamber through canal orifices on the floor of the pulp chamber, and pulp canals open to the outside of the tooth through openings called apical foramina (singular foramen) most commonly located at or near the root apex.
    - - Pulp chamber, pulp cavity, or coronal pulp is the part of the pulp located in the part of the crown normally filled with soft tissue varies with the anatomists
    - - The constricted opening(s), at, or near the root apex, through which the main nutrient and nervous supply to the pulp enter and exit.
    - - the projection of each tooth cusp and located on the top of the pulp chamber to correspond to the various major cusp or lobes of the crown
- - - - The pulp chamber follows the crown outline and may show 3 pulp horns
      - The pulp chamber is wider mesiodistally than in the labiolingual section
    - - The pulp cavity is widest at the cervical level and the chamber is generally centered within the dentin of the root
      - The shape of the pulp chamber can be triangular in outline in young individuals, but in adults it becomes more round or crescent shaped
    - - The pulp chamber is very narrow in the incisal region
      - Below the cervical area, the root canal tapers and ending in a constriction at the apex
    - - One root with one root canal
      - The root canal is conical in shape, broader labiolingually and centrally placed
  - - - The pulp horns appear blunted when viewed from labial aspect
      - The pulp chamber and root canal gradually taper to the apex
    - - The pulp chamber appears to be at the centered within the root
      - The outline can be triangular, or more round or oval
    - - The pulp horns are usually prominent
      - The pulp chamber is narrow in incisal region and may be become wider at cervical level
    - - The pulp chamber is broad mesiodistally with its broadest incisally
      - The division between the root canal and pulp chamber is not distinct
  - - - The pulp chamber is broad mesiodistally with its broadest incisally
      - The division between the root canal and pulp chamber is not distinct
    - - Has the largest labiolingual root dimension of any tooth in the mouth
      - If a prominent cusp is present then a long narrow projection of the pulp horn will be present
    - - The outline can be triangular, or more round or oval
      - The pulp chamber appears to be at the centered within the root
  - - - Pulp horns appear blunted
      - Pulp chamber cannot be differentiated from the root canal.
    - - At the cervical level shows the kidney-shaped outline form characteristic of the maxillary first premolar
      - A mesial developmental groove is usually present, giving this tooth its classic indentation.
    - - Pulp horn usually extends further incisally under the buccal cusp, because this cusp is usually better developed than the lingual cusp
      - Have two well-developed roots
  - - - flattened oval canal which slightly oval at mid root level and becomes round at apical third.
    - - One root and canal
      - The pulp cavity has well-developed pulp horns
    - - Blunted pulp horns
      - Pulp cavity are similar to premolar 1st and slightly tapered from occlusal to apex
      - Apical foramen are located off center of the root tip
  - - - Appear the distobuccal root
      - The mesiobuccal root has a great tendency to have more curved root and canal than the distobuccal root
    - - The cervical outline is rhomboidal with rounded corners
      - The mesiobuccal angle has an acute angle but the distobuccal angle is obtuse and the lingual angles are right angles
    - - Shows the pulp cavities of the mesiobuccal and palatal root
      - The pulp horns are usually prominent
  - - - Palatal root may be the largest of the 3 roots
      - Mesiobuccal root may have a larger buccolingual dimension but it has a narrower mesiodistal dimension
        Distobuccal canal is the smallest root of the 3
  - - - Buccal root is straighter and closer together than those of the maxillary first molar.
      - The tendency of root fusion is greater
    - - The palatal root is usually the largest and have a round outline form
      - The distobuccal canal is oval to round but is smaller than the palatal root
    - - Similar to that of the maxillary first molar
      - The buccal roots are not as far apart as the first molars’ but have a greater tendency to be fused.
- - - - the maxillary permanent canine occludes in front of the embrasure between mandibular canine and first premolar
      - all the mandibular teeth occluding distal to normal.
    - - the maxillary permanent canine occludes behind the embrasure between mandibular canine and first premolar
      - the lower incisor tips occlude or lie anterior to the cingulum of the upper incisors
      - all mandibular teeth occluding mesial to normal
    - - the mandibular molar buccal cusps occlude along the central fossa areas of the maxillary teeth and the maxillary lingual cusps occlude along the central fossa areas of the mandibular teeth
      - the maxillary permanent canine should occlude directly in the embrasure between mandibular canine and first premolar
      - the lower incisor tips occlude or lie below the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors
  - - - A line that connects the buccal cusp tips showing a gradual anteroposterior curve
      - This curve is convex in the maxillary arch, while the curve is concave in the mandibular arch.
    - - A side-to-side curve showed by a line that connects the buccal and lingual cusps of the same type of molars and premolars on opposite sides of the arch
      - The mediolateral curve of the maxillary arch is convex, whereas that of the mandibular arch is concave
- - - - Pulp chamber - The chamber is generally narrower in this view than in the labiolingual section, and is much narrower when compared to the maxillary incisors. It is widest near the incisal limit, and then it narrows evenly to the cervical line. Unlike the maxillary incisors, the incisal limit lacks any pulp horns, and is flat or slightly rounded instead.
      - Pulp canal - From the cervical line, the single canal tapers only slightly, but regularly, to the apical foramen. Canal may exit at the apex or mesially or distally to the apex of the root
    - - The mesiodistal dimension is small, whereas the labiolingual dimension is very large.
      - The external shape or the pulp outline is variable; it may be round, oval, or ovoid.
    - - Pulp chamber - From this aspect, the outline of the pulp chamber is similar to that of the maxillary incisors. It is pointed at the incisal, and widens to its largest diameter at about the mid cingulum level.
      - Pulp canal - Usually has one canal; two canals may be found, but not very frequently. The canal is widest at the cervix, from where it tapers rather evenly to the single constricted foramen.
      - Pulp horn - well developed in this tooth through
  - - - Resembles the central mandibular incisors, but appears wider and have a larger pulpal dimension
      - Slender pulp chamber and canal
    - - Pulp canal is centered in the root
      - Somewhat larger root than that of the mandibular central incisors
    - - Tends to be larger in all dimensions
      - Larger pulp chamber
  - - - Appears very similar to that of the maxillary canine
      - Shows degree of curvature of the apical portion of the root
    - - Considerable variation in size and shape
      - Outline form of the root may be oval, rectangular, or triangular
    - - Sometimes two roots or canals are found
      - Similar in size to the maxillary canine, though mandibular canine is a little shorter, or in some cases the opposite.
  - - - The crown and root size of the mandibular premolars vary considerably, and the pulp cavities vary proportionately
      - The pulp cavity may be rounded, elliptical, or triangular, depending on the external shape of the root.
    - - Looks like a small mandibular canine with an extra small cusp
      - Pulp cavity also looks similar to mandibular canine
    - - The pulp chamber and root canal taper gently to the apex.
      - The pulp horn is prominent and may be very fine at its occlusal extent
  - - - Substantial amount of root structure
      - Rectangular, oval, or triangular outline form of the root
    - - Larger crown and root than the first premolar
      - Increased dimensions of the pulp cavities, but extremely wide dimensions are confined to crown and the upper part of the root canal
    - - Similar to mandibular first premolar, but overall dimensions are slightly larger
      - Similar mesiodistal cross section with the canines