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Brofenbenner's Theory - Coggle Diagram
Brofenbenner's Theory
Describes a child's development occurs within a series of linking system.
He identifies five systems around children and young people's lives which all influence each other in complex ways.
Microsystem
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2) Includes people, institutions and services that she or he directly interacts with.
Example: A new child arrives in class who has been displaced by a conflict. Build a relationship of trust with the child and helping them to feel safe and welcome. Being able to learn in a classroom.
Mesosystem
1) This system is about hoe people in the different microsystem around the child interact with each other.
The ways in which these different microsystems around the child interact
directly influence the child’s learning and wellbeing.
Example: The teacher goes to the child’s home to talk to parents and to understand better what might be happening in the child’s life and how they might help the child to settle in school.
Exosystem
- This system includes the broader community the child lives in.
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Mass media, health, education and social welfare services
The teacher discovers through talking to the parents that one of the things upsetting the child is that there is no place at the school for his younger sister to attend. They are very close and so every day he is missing his sister. The teacher approaches the Head teacher of the school and the education authority to find out when a space might become available for the sister and to make a case that there are many other children unable to attend school. The teacher provides evidence that an expansion of school places for displaced children is necessary.
This example shows what is happening at the exosystem because the issue is about wider educational policies and services which are indirectly affecting the child.
Macrosystem
- Covers things going on at a bigger societal level and how these influence the other systems around the
child.
Values, ideologies, attitudes, laws
After working hard to find out more about when a place will be available for the boy’s sister, the teacher visits the parents again to talk about the possibility of her attending school. The teacher learns that the parents believe that the girl should not go to school. They believe that making sure boys go to school is the most important thing. This is a bigger issue than what is happening in the children’s immediate lives.
Chronosystem
- This system refers to how people experience things over their lifetime. It includes big life changes such as being displaced from one place to another; and other more usual events such as marriage (and divorce) and the birth of a baby etc.
The boy in the examples above has experienced many changes over the past two years. He and his family have experienced war, have been displaced to a temporary camp where they are living. They have lost family members and now the parents are thinking about moving to another country to find a safe and more secure place to live. In order to support the child, the teacher finds out as much as they can about these changes so that they best understand how to support the child for the time being that he is in the teacher's class.