Heidi Ochoa Period 1: Reproductive system

Anatomy of female reproductive structures

Major functions of the Reproductive system

Anatomy of male reproductive structures

Hormones of the reproductive system (male and female)

Events of the female hormonal cycles (be sure to include all categories)

Disorders associated with the reproductive system (including STI’s)

Methods and Classification of contraceptives

Male and female share 4 similar tasks; The function is to bring gametes together to produce zygote.

  1. They both form the hamate’s (sperm/egg)
    2 bring sperm and egg together through intercourse
  2. Combine genetic information through fertilization
  3. Support develops fetus and birth of baby

Testes: produce sperm within the scrotum

Sperm is delivered through:
1.epidiymis
2.ductus deferents
3.ejaculatory duct
4.urethra

Accessory sex glands: Seminal glands, prostate, bulbo-urethral glands

Chlamydia: Bacterial Newborns who contract get conjunctivitis and Respiratory tract inflammations

Ovaries: female gonads, produce oocytes (eggs) Secrete estrogen and progesterone

Internal genitalia: Ovaries, duct system (tubes, uterus, and vagina)

External genitalia: external sex organs (labium

Hormonal regulation of ovarian cycle:

  1. GnRH from pituitary gland stimulates FSH and LH secretion
    1. FSH and LH stimulate follicle growth
      3.Negative feedback= gonadotropin release
    2. positive feedback= gonadotropin release

Follicle development: Primadorial follicle
Primary Secondary
Early vesivular
Mature vesicular (oocytes completes meiosis II ready to be ovulated)
Follicle ruptures
Corpus luteum

GnRH, Estrogen, progesteron, LH, FSH- plays a role in thickness of uterine lining

Male: testosterone- synthesized from cholesterol, transformed at some target cell

Birth Control:
regulation of the number of offspring produced Avoids fertilization
Prevents implantation

Coitus Interruptus: withdrawal before ejaculation

Rhythm Method: abstinence from sexual intercourse around of ovulation

Mechanical Barriers: prevent sperm from entering vagina during sex. (condoms, cervical cap, and diaphragm)

Chemical Barriers: contain spermicides ( more effective when used with condom)

Combined Hormone Contraceptives: contains estrogens and progestins to prevent pregnancy (prevents follicle maturation and ovulation)

Injectable Contraceptive of progesterone derivative prevents follicle maturation and ovulation (works for 3 months)

Contraceptive Implants: Implantation of a rod containing progestin under the skin in the arm ( prevents follicle maturation and ovulation for 3 years)

Intrauterine Devices: objects implanted in the uterus are either toxic to sperm and egg cells or prevents implantation of embryo by inhibiting growth of endometrium thicken cervical mucus

Sterilization: surgical method of permanently preventing pregnancy

Trichomoniasis: Parasitic Infection common in women

Gonorrhea: Bacterial infection of mucosae of reproductive and urinary tracts ( asymptomatic)

Syphilis: Transmitted sexually/ congenitally ( Rash)

HPV: Cause of genital warts. Cervical cancer is linked to this

Genital Herpes : Caused by herpes. (Antiviral drugs)