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Central Visual System🧠 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Detected by right temporal retina
    - - Detected by left nasal retina👃
  - - - Detected by right nasal retina👃
    - - Detected by left temporal retina
- - - - 🗣Only peripheral visual field is missing❌
    - - No vision in left eye, but right eye can still see some of left visual field
        
        ⬅️Only left peripheral missing❌
    - - No vision in right eye, but left eye can still see some of right visual field
        
        ➡️Only right peripheral missing❌
  - - - Entire visual field for opposite eye lost
    - - Left temporal axons + right nasal axons
      - ➡️Entire right visual field lost❌
    - - ⬅️Entire left visual field lost❌
      - Right temporal axons + left nasal axons
- - - - Purpose == entire left visual field goes to right side visual cortex (vice versa)
    - - Stay on the same side
    - - Cross over🔀
  - - - Left temporal axons + right nasal axons
    - - Right temporal axons + left nasal axons
    - - Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
        
        Visual perception
        
        Halfway to primary visual cortex
        
        Split into left and right parts
        
        Left optic tract goes to left LGN
        
        LGN neurons only responding to stimulation from only one eye
        
        6 layers that sort where different axons from retina will synapse🥞
        
        Depends on if axons coming from same side eye or crossed over from other eye
        
        Majority of optic tract axons terminate here
        
        Ganglion Cell Type Sorting
        
        P-Type
        
        4 layers (2 for each eye)👀
        
        90% of all ganglion cells
        
        M-type
        
        2 layers
        
        NonM-NonP
        
        1 layer
        
        Color vision🌈
        
        Synapse in layers btwn LGN
        
        Koniocellular
      - Superior Colliculus
        
        Orienting movements of head and eye towards visual stimulus
      - Pretectum
        
        Regulates pupil size based on how much light is coming in💡
      - Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
        
        Regulating biological rhythms⏰
        
        Ex. Circadian rhythms + jet lag
- - - - Still keeps left + right info separate 🚪
      - Receive info from one eye
    - - allows for depth perception (3D vision)🛣
  - - - Left eye input⬅️
        
        Binocular (both eye) inputs↔️
        
        Right eye input➡️
        
        Binocular input↔️
        
        Left eye input⬅️
  - - - Rotating pattern of cells that respond to orientations🌀
        
        Vertical-selective↕️
        
        Diagonal-selective↖️
        
        Horizontal-selective↔️
        
        Diagonal-selective↖️
        
        Vertical-selective↕️
    - - Ex. Will respond to vertical, but not to horizontal
  - - - Analyzes object shape🎁
      - Only in Layer IV
- - - - Areas along pathway concerned w/ motion / position of object🏃‍♀️
      - "Where" pathway🧭
    - - Areas along pathway concerned w/ specific characteristics of object🎁
      - "What" pathway❓
  - - - Can see perfectly fine, but can't perceive motion
      - Ex. Pouring cup of tea🍵
        
        Will see tea at bottom of cup and then suddenly cup is overflowing
        
        "Wandavision cut"🎬
  - - - Can be acquired or congenital