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Adaptive immune system part B - Coggle Diagram
Adaptive immune system part B
Clonal expansion of lymphocytes
B cells, Th and Tc cells
Effector and memory
Clonal expansion of B cells
Lymph nodes, spleen and MALT
PRRs
Plasma cells
Antibodies
Memory cells
Extracellular
Immunological memory
Long-lasting antibodies
Long-lived lymphocytes
Clonal selection of antigen stimulated B and T cells
Immunisation
Primary response
Slow rise in antibody titre
Memory cells produced
Secondary response
Memory cells proliferate
Greater antibody titre
Ab class switching
IgM to IgG
IgA secreted
Activation and clonal expansion of T cells
First signal
TCR
CD4 - Th
C8 - Tc
Second signal
Co-stimulation
Soluble factors or membrane molecules
Activated cytotoxic T cell killing mechanisms
Release of cytokines
Perforin
Cytolysis
Granulysin
Holes in membrane
Destroys vital tissues in process
Lyse infected cell
Releases parasite
Taken up by more effective cells
Granzymes
B cell activation
T-independent antigens
Without Th cells
No memory cells
Lower affinity for IgM
Weaker activity
Type I
B cells carry PRRs
Activate without specific antigen
Specific antibody
Type II
Specialised macrophages
Repeating antigen determinants
Macrophages
T-cell dependent antigens
Activated by Th
Strong reaction with memory cells
Produce IgG
Recgonition of MHC-II-Ag complex
B cell binds to pathogen
T-cell recognise MHC-II-Ag on B cell
Clonal expansion
Memory cells
Plasma cells