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Deconstruction of Investigation - Coggle Diagram
Deconstruction of Investigation
extraneous variables
[impact on data]
technology; causing fault in random people's audio
As all students used their own devices to listen to their audio, some output devices were of low quality causing random faults in allowing experiment to be conducted without interruptions
emotional attachment; different situations affect different people
Study’s suggest that an individual’s personal experiences and knowledge influences their memory and recollection of certain things [Parkview, 2022]. Hence students may recall the words more effectively as they might have a personal connection to it or not recall it at all as they have no connection the word.
performing the experiment at different times of the day
Different people are more productive at different times of the day. As the experiment was conducted at different times for different people, it causes a inaccuracy in obtaining the results.
independent variable
: type of imagery
[potential problems]
lacking significant distinction between actual word and description for groups 2 and 3
To provide further distinction between neutral and positive imagery, group 3 may also be provided with an image and scenario to associate the words with
dependent variable
: the number of words recalled [advantages & disadvantages]
advantages
easy to observe and collect the data using tables and graphs
An average may be found, allowing experimenters to observe the overall behavior of the data for each group n
disadvantages
Memory is reconstructive [Bartlett, 1932] and different for everyone so it may not always be accurate to measure memory based off quantative data
research design type
: quantative observational
[advantages & disadvantages]
advantages
:
can be tested and observed
An average can be found to observe general behavior and patterns among students/participants of the experiment
straightforward for interpretation
This allows the experimenters to observe and provide statical data which can be recorded for further research
disadvantages
limited to numbers
misleading
Memory can not always be proven based on numbers and needs to be observed using extraneous variables, therefore it may be misleading to assume memory can be entirely understood through quantative design type
sample size
[advantages & disadvantages]
advantages
Easily accessible
; as all particpants are in the same classes, the experiment was more accessible and easier to conduct
all participants were of the same age which decreases the chances of extraneous variables being age differences among the students.
disadvantages
On a small scale
; only a very small population of the world was experimented which limits the knowledge attained on a global level.
In order to improve this, involving a wider age group with participants from all around the world could be tested to provide insight on how imagery affects memory on a global scale
method
[potential problems]
Several tabs open at once
this cause distractions and a stress induced situation for the students with a lack of focus on attempting the recollection of words to their best potential.
improvements
having each group in separate rooms to prevent external distractions
Once all groups are in separate groups, playing the audio out loud to decrease risk of faulty technology and allow the experiment to be conducted simultaneously.
if headphones were used, providing all students with noise-cancelling headphones of the same brand.
everyone completed the experiment in their own time
Students are completing the experiment at their own time in the same room, meaning some students would complete the experiment before others around them and some had to complete the experiment at home. This causes inconsistency in the data collection which can decrease the validity of the experiment as all participants should be given the same attempt.
headphones
most headphones are noise-cancelling, therefore students were prone to be distracted by the noises around them. ie. keyboard typing, noises outside classroom.
all groups were in the same room.
The length of the audio for each group were different causing some students to begin their recall process earlier whilst others are still listening to the audio. This causes a stressed-induced situation for the students still listening to the audio which may not allow them to their best potential when its their turn to recall the words.
errors
systematic
using random and different technology
Improvements
If each group were allocated in seperate rooms to listen to the audio by the same outputting device and given a timer to recall the words unanimously, it would prevent the need to use different types of technology.
Providing all students with technology and materials of the same brand and calibration
When students are using multiple types of technology, the credibility of the results . The different technologies may be calibrated differently which will decrease the consistency of the data collection.
random
clicking timers at different times and subjective results
increases an inconsistency with the timers as all are done individually
when all students are controlling their own timers requires trusting students that they participated with integrity and honesty causing a possibility of the results being subjective.
Improvements
In order to prevent a situation like this, each group could be put separate rooms. This way all participants of each group would receive a fair attempt, listening to the audios and taking notes of their recalled words at the same time. This limits errors for inconsistent recall times.