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Mia Cortez Period 5 Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Mia Cortez Period 5 Reproductive System
Major functions of the Reproductive system
Male
Develops & maintains organs for production of offsping
To produce, maintain, and transport sperm
Female
Provide environment for a developing fetus
Produce sex hormones
Produce, maintain, & transport sex cells
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Ovary
: Located w/ in lateral wall of pelvis cavity; Produces sex hormones
Uterine Tube:
Leads from ovaries to uterus; Site for fertilization
Uterus
: Bends over urinary bladder ; Maintains development of embryo
Lumen of vagina
: below cervix
Labrium minimus
: between labia major ; Provides an opening for urethra and vagina
Labia Majus
covers pubic symphysis ; Encloses & protects external organs
Endometrium
: Inner most layer of uterus fr
Cervix
: between uterus & lumen of vagina
Fimbriae
: On uterine tubes
Infundibulum
: Above fimbriae ; Releases egg
Vagina
: Birth canal
Myometrium
: middle layer of uterus
Perimetrium
: Outer most layer of uterus
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Testis
: located in scrotum
Scrotum
: posterior to penis; protects & helps regulate temp of testis
Epididymis
: Goes from tests to ductus; Sperm becomes motile & develops ability to fertilize an egg
Penis
: Convey urine & penis to outside of body
Prostate gland
: Located at base of urinary bladder; secretes a thin milky fluid that contains citrate ( nutrient for sperm)
Corpus Cavernous
: located above penis
Ejaculatory duct:
Located in the prostate gland; delivers sperm to urethra
Urethra
: goes from bladder to penis ; secretes urine
Seminal Vesicles
: secretes an alkaline fluid containing nutrients that help regulate pH of semen
Ductus Deferens:
Conveys sperm to ejaculatory duct
bulbourethral
gland
: Secretes fluid that lubricates end of penis
Hormones of the reproductive system
Female
Estrogen
: Responsible for secondary sexual characteristics
Androgens
: Produce some changes at puberty
Progesterone
: Completes the development of uterus wall, promotes glycogen storage
GnRH
: causes secretiono of FSH & LH from the anterior pituitary
FSH
: Stimulates one egg cell to develop
LH
: Spike to signal ovulation
Male
Testosterone
: Responsible for secondary male sexual characteristic
Androgens
: Male sex hormone
LH
: Promotes development of intertitial cells
FSH
: Stimulates sertoli cells of seminferous tubules
Events of the female hormonal cycles
Follicultar cells become corpus luteum celles (secretes estrogen & progesterogen)
If secondary oocyte is not fertilized, corpus luteum degenerates & no longer secretes estrogen & progestrogen
Pituitary releases surge of LH = ovulation
As the concentrations of estrogens & progesterone decline, blood vessles in the endometrium constrict
Follicular cells produce & secrete estrogen (Maintain secondary sex characteristics & causes endometrium to thicken)
Uterine lining disintergrates & sloughs off, producing a flow
FSH stimulates maturation of dominant follicle
Pituitary glands n longer inhibited & organ secretes FSH & LH
Anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH / LH
Cycle repeats
Methods and Classification of contraceptives
Rythm
Method
: Abstinence from sex during ovulatuion (Not very effective)
Mechanical Barrier
: Prevent sperm from entering vagina (Ex. condoms, cervical cap, etc.)
Chemical Barrier:
Contain spermicides (More effective w/ condom) ( Ex. Creams, foams, jellies)
Combined Hormone Contraception
: Contain estrogen & progestins to prevent pregnancy (Ex. Chemical ring, oral contraception)
Injectable Contraception
: Injection of progesterone derivative prevent follicle maturation & ovulation (works for 3 months)
Contraceptive Implants
: Implantation of ROD containing progestin under skin in arm (3 years)
Contraceptives
Mechanical
Diaphram
: Put into vagina w/ spermicides
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Allergic reaction or irritation
Internal
condom
: Put into vagina
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Burning sensation rash or itching
External
Condoms
: Put over penis
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Allergic reaction / irritation
Behavior
Fertility Awareness
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects :
W/drawl
: Pull out
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effect : None
Surgical
Sterilization
Female
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side effects : Pain & bleeding
Male
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side effects : Pain & bleeding
Chemical
Injectables
: Shot in arm, hip, or under skin
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Weight gain
Pill
: By mouth
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects: blood clots
IUD
: Placed inside uterus
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Allergic reaction
Spermicides
: Put in vagina
Effectiveness :76- 99%
Side Effects : Allergic reaction / irritation
Disorders associated with the reproductive system
STD
Trichomoniasis
Symptoms: Range from mild irritation - severe inflammation
Treatment : Antibiotics
Transmission: Sexual intercourse
Prevention : Latex condoms
Cause: Infection w/ parasite
Chlamydia
Cause : Chlamydia trachomatis
Transmission : Anal, oral, & vaginal sex
Symptoms : (women) Vaginal discharge (Men) swelling & burning when urinating
Treatment : Medication
Prevention : Latex condoms
Gonorrhea
Symptoms : Burning when urination, vaginal bleeding, swollen testis
Treatment : Medication
prevention : Latex Condoms
Transmission : Anal, oral, & vaginal sex
Cause : Nesseuria Gonorrhea
Genital Herpes
Symptoms: 1+ blisters on genital, rectum, or mouth
Treatment: Antiviral medication
Transmission : Anal, oral , & vaginal sex
Prevention : Latex condoms
Cause: HSV 1 & 2
STI
HPV / Genital warts
Symptoms : Abdominal pap test
Treatment : HPV vaccine
Prevention : Latex condoms
Transmission : Vaginal, oral, & anal sex
Cause : HPV
Syphilis
Symptoms : Sores on penis, vaginal, & anus
Treatment : Antibiotics
Transmission : Sex / one infected mother to unborn baby
Prevention : Not having sex
Cause : Bacteria
AIDS
Symptoms : Fever, Chills, Rash, Fatigue
Treatment : Medication
Transmission : Intercourse
Prevention : Condoms
Cause : HIV
Virus that attacks body's immune system
Bacterial Vaginosis
Symptoms : Thing discharge / strong ordor
Treatment : Antibiotics
Transmission : Imbalance of good / bad bacteria
Prevention : Limit # of partners
Cause : Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
Condition of too much bacteria changes in vagina
PID
Transmission : Sex
Symptoms : Pain in lower abdomen / fever
Cause: Bacteria
Treatment : Antibiotics
Pelvic Inflammatory disease is an infection of a woman's repro. organs
Prevention : Not having sex