4.CARLOS V
Carlos I, Juana’s eldest son, inherited a vast patrimony
This was ruled by his grandfather Ferdinand ‘the Catholic’ and Cardinal Cisneros until his arrival in Spain.
4.1.THE BEGINNING OF HIS REIGN
Carlos
was born in 1500
in the Flemish city of Ghent
He went to Castilla in 1517, so he did not speak Spanish
They feared that they would lose their power and that Castilla's riches would be assigned to other territories
Castilla was experiencing an economic crisis and Carlos used the taxes collected to finance his appointment as Holy Roman Emperor.
Revolt of the Comuneros
in 1520
The lower nobility and bourgeoisie in some cities rose up against the government
Battle of Villalar
1521
The king's representatives and the high nobility who supported him defeated the comuneros
Most important leaders of the Comuneros were executed
*(Juan Bravo, Juan de Padilla and Francisco Maldonado)*
Revolt of the Brotherhoods
1519-1523
bourgeoisie and peasants rose up against the nobility
in Valencia and Mallorca
Agermanados
Were groups of humble citizens who had been allowed to arm themselves to defend their coastal cities against pirate attacks
Tired of the abuses of the nobility
they organised an armed revolt to improve their economic conditions and attain political rights
The king supported the nobility and the uprising was suppressed
As a result, the monarchy became more powerful
4.2.THE WARS OF CARLOS V
Against the Ottoman Empire.
Against the German Protestant princes.
Against France.
This kingdom was surrounded by Carlos V's territories
Battle of Pavia
1525
French king was defeated
Carlos conquered the Duchy of Milan
The sultan Suleiman the Magnificent began to expand his empire
In the following wars, Francis I made alliances to weaken the power of the Emperor.
1529
He attacked Vienna but the city resisted
The Ottoman Empire had converted the Berber states in northern Africa into vassals
Controlled the Western Mediterranean from Algiers
Emperor's troops conquered Tunisia (1535) but failed to take Algiers (1541)
The Christian fleet was also defeated and the Ottomans maintained control of the Mediterranean Sea.
Schmalkaldic War
1546-1547
The Emperor fought the Protestant princes
defeated them in Mülberg
Peace of Augsburg
1555
The hostilities resumed in 1552 and Carlos V signed this