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SK7 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - .
        
        Wider root spread, shorter trunk
        
        Roots more curved
        
        More crown taper to lingual
        
        Mesial root is wide facio-lingually with blunt tip
        
        Crown is wider facio-lingually than occlusocervically
    - - .
        
        Less root spread, longer trunk
        
        Straighter roots
        
        Less crown taper to lingual
        
        Mesial rootless wide facio-lingually with a curved tip
        
        Crown is less wide faciolingually
    - - .
        
        the shortest of all mandibular teeth
        
        The roots of third molars are, on average, shorter than the roots of the first or second molars.
        
        Their root trunks are proportionally longer than the root trunks of the firsts and seconds.
        
        Third molar crowns are bulbous with fatter peripheral contours
  - - - .
        
        usually simpler and smaller than molars
        
        lie posterior to canine
        
        vary considerably in size and shape
        
        exist two on each quadrants, 8 in total in the oral cavity
        
        supporting canine in tearing food and contributes in grinding food
        
        have two cusps
    - - .
        
        significatly larger than premolars
        
        most posterior teeth
        
        the completion of eruption is usually delayed, until the individual reaches near adult size
        
        three molars in each quadrants, 12 in total in the oral cavity
        
        have four cusps
  - - - .
        
        The roots of this tooth are as long as, if not somewhat longer than, those of the first molar
        
        The distobuccal cusp is not as large or as well developed, and the distolingual cusp is smaller.
        
        No fifth cusp is evident
    - - .
        
        Maxillary thirds are the shortest of all permanent teeth
        
        Third molar crowns are bulbous (with fatter contours).
        
        Occlusal tables of third molars are relatively smaller compared to first and seconds
        
        Occlusal surfaces of third molars are quite wrinkled due to numerous supplemental grooves and ridges
        
        Third molar roots are short (with small root-to-crown ratio) compared to first and second molars in the same mouth
    - - The largest tooth in the maxillary arch.
      - The roots more spread out, have shorter trunk
        Roots with less distal bend
      - Some root flare beyond crown
      - Buccal roots spread out behind lingual root
        Lingual cusps nearly the same width
  - - - .
        
        Distobuccal cusp shorter than wider mesiobuccal cusp
        
        Mesiobuccal root longer chan distobuccal root for both
        
        Crown tiles distally on its root base with che occlusal surface shorter on distal for boch
    - - .
        
        Cusp of Carabelli present on mesiolingual
        
        Cusp of Carabelli absenc
        
        Mesiolingual cusp a little larger than distolingual
        
        Mesiolingual cusp even larger relative to smaller distolingual
        
        The discal half of the crown is shorter than che mesial half for boch
        
        The distal marginal ridge is located more cervical ly chan the mesial marginal ridge
  - - - .
        
        Two buccal cusos
        
        Mesiobuccal and
        
        distogucca
        
        Mesiolingual cusp
        
        tip visible from bucca
        
        One buccal groove
        
        Three roots (two buccal and one lingual
        
        Root trunk longer
        
        Crown centered over root
        
        Lingual groove off center (toward distal)
        
        Mesiolingual cusp larger can distolingual cusp, more than on mandibular molars
    - - .
        
        Two or three buccal cusps:
        
        Mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and distal (on firsts)
        
        Both lingual cusp tips visible from buccal
        
        Two buccal grooves on most first molars
        
        Two roots (one mesial and one distal)
        
        Root trunk shorter
        
        Crown tipped discally on root
        
        Lingual groove nearly centered
        
        Mesiolingual and distolingual cusps'
        
        size and height more equal
  - - - .
        
        Cusp of Carabelli on mesioliogual cusp
        
        Small or absent distolingual cusp
        
        The distal marginal ridge is located more cervically chan che mesial marginal ridge (besc seen from lingual view)
        
        The discobuccal root is narrow, so wider mesiobuccal root is visible from discal view
    - - .
        
        up of Carabill is on meiolagud
        
        Dacoleguil cusp s emiler than meroinpual cup
        
        Miesiobuccal and dscolangual angles of crown are more acute for boch
        
        Disclingual asp is anal o then meiolagud cusp for boc
        
        A resobuccal corncal nore is yoible for boch
        
        (The dical half ofehr crown is smaler Goolingualy for boch
        
        0b l que rides poes from largest mesio lingual diagonally da denobuccal cusp for boch
- - - - 7-8 years
    - - 12-13 years
    - - 2 and half years
    - - 14-16 years
  - - - 12-16 years
    - - 17-21 years
    - - 7-9 years
    - - 18-25 years
  - - - 3-4 years
    - - 6 years
    - - at birth
    - - 9-10 years
- - - - .
        
        As compared to the 1st maxillary molar, the crown length is less
        
        The buccolingual dimension of the second molar is about the same as that of the first molar
        
        The roots do not spread as far buccolingually but are within the confines of the buccolingual crown outline.
    - - .
        
        Due to the smaller distobuccal cusp than in the first molar, the mesiobuccal cusp may be seen from this angle
        
        The distobuccal cusp is smaller than the mesiobuccal cusp
        
        The mesiolingual cusp isn't visible
        
        The distal marginal ridge is at the lower level
        
        The apex of the lingual root is in line with the distolingual cusp
    - - .
        
        The dimension of the mesiolingual cusp is larger than the distolingual cusp
        
        Through the sulcus between the mesiolingual and distolingual cusps, the distobuccal cusp may be observed
        
        Between the cusps, there's a lingual developmental groove
    - - .
        
        The crown is in a rhomboidal-shaped form
        
        The buccolingual diameter of the crown is the same as the 1st molar
        
        The mesiodistal diameter is approximately 1 mm less as compared to the 1st molar.
        
        Mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps are well developed
        
        Distobuccal cusp is smaller than the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps
    - - .
        
        As compared to the maxillary 1st molar, the crown of the maxillary 2nd molar is slightly shorter cervico-occlusally and narrower mesiodistally
        
        The roots are close together and inclined distally more than those of the maxillary first molar so that the end of the distobuccal root is slightly distal to the distal extremity of the crown.
        
        The buccal roots are of the same length
        
        Two buccal cusps are prominently visible, but the mesiolingual cusp tip may also be visible because it is longer than the buccal cusps
  - - - .
        
        From the mesial aspect, the main feature is the taper to the fused roots and a bifurcation, usually in the region of the apical third.
        
        Root portion is considerably shorter in relation to the crown length.
        
        Both the crown and the root portions tend to be less developed, with irregular outlines.
        
        Below picture shows the bifurcation.
    - - .
        
        From the distal aspect, most of the buccal surface of the crown is in view.
        
        Because of the more acute angulation of the occlusal surface in relation to the long axis of the root, more of the occlusal surface may be seen than can be seen on the second molar.
        
        Measurement from the cervical line to the marginal ridge is short.
    - - As only one large lingual cusp is present, no lingual groove is evident.
        However, often a third molar with the same essential features has a poorly developed distolingual cusp with a developmental groove lingually.
    - - .
        
        Occlusal aspect of a heart-shaped outline.
        
        Lingual cusp is large and well developed
        
        Little or no distolingual cusp is evident (which gives a semicircular outline to the tooth from one contact area to the other).
        
        Three functioning cusps (two buccal and one lingual) are seen on this type of tooth.
    - - .
        
        Crown of the third molar is shorter cervico-occlusally and narrower mesiodistally than that of the second molar.
        
        The roots are usually fused, performing as one large root, and they are shorter cervicoapically.
        
        Fused roots end in a taper at the apex.
        
        Roots have a distinct slant to the distal, giving the apices of the fused root a more distal relation to the center of the crown.
  - - - .
        
        cervical line buccally, the outline of the crown makes a short arc buccally to its crest of curvature within the cervical third of the crown.
        
        The outline then becomes slightly convex as it progresses downward and inward to circumscribe the mesiobuccal cusp, ending at the tip of the cusp well within projected outlines of the root base.
        
        The lingual outline of the crown curves outward and lingually approximately to the same extent as on the buccal side.
        
        tooth is posed so that the line of vision is at right angles to the mesial contact area, the only cusps in sight are the mesiobuccal, the mesiolingual, and the fifth cusps.
    - - .
        
        The gross outline of the distal aspect is similar to that of the mesial aspect
        
        the tendency of the crown to taper distally on the buccal surface, most of the buccal surface of the crown may be seen in perspective from the distal aspect.
        
        The distal marginal ridge dips sharply in a cervical direc- tion, exposing triangular ridges on the distal portion of the occlusal surface of the crown.
        
        The cervical line is almost straight across from buccal to lingual.
    - - .
        
        The lingual cusps are the only ones to be seen from the lingual aspect. The mesiolingual cusp is much larger, and before occlusal wear, it is always the longest cusp the tooth possesses.
        
        The distolingual cusp is so spheroidal and smooth that it is difficult to describe any angulation on the mesial and distal slopes.
        
        The lingual developmental groove starts approximately in the center of the lingual surface mesiodistally, curves sharply to the distal as it crosses between the cusps, and continues on to the occlusal surface.
    - - .
        
        The maxillary first molar has a rhomboidal occlusal shape.
        
        The maxillary molar primary cusp triangle is a triangular arrangement of the three essential molar cusps. All maxillary molars have a distinctive triangular figure formed by tracing the cusp outlines of these cusps, the mesial marginal ridge, and the oblique ridge of the occlusal surface.
        
        The occlusal surface, also known as the occlusal table, of the maxillary first molar is enclosed by the cusp ridges and marginal ridges.
    - - .
        
        The crown is approximately trapezoidal, with uneven sides represented by the cervical and occlusal contours.
        
        The cervical line is the shorter of the two sides that are unequal.
        
        The distal side of the crown can be seen in perspective when the buccal aspect of this tooth is viewed with the line of vision at right angles to the buccal developmental groove of the crown, which is achievable due to the obtuse character of the distobuccal line angle.
- - - - .
        
        The second molar differs little from the first molar except the differences in measurement
        
        The cervical ridge buccally on the crown portion is less pronounced, and the occlusal surface may be more constricted buccolingually
        
        The cervical line shows less curvature, being straight and regular in outline buccolingually.
    - - .
        
        The second molar is similar in form to the first molar except for the absence of a distal cusp and a distobuccal groove
        
        The contact area :
        
        Centered on the distal surface buccolingually
        
        Located halfway between the cervical line and the marginal ridge
    - - v
        
        The crown and root converge slightly lingually, thus the mesial and distal surfaces are covered from this perspective
        
        The mesiodistal calibration at the cervix is always greater than the first molar
        
        The mesially and distally curvatures on the crown that define the contact zones are more visible
        
        They are slightly lower in level than those of the first molar, especially in the distal portion.
    - - .
        
        The mandibular second molar's occlusal aspect differs significantly from the first molar's.
        
        The cusp slopes are not as smooth as in the first molars, they are roughly rectangular in shape
        
        The buccal and lingual developmental grooves meet the central developmental groove at right angles at the central pit on the occlusal surface.
    - - .
        
        The crown is somewhat shorter cervico-occlusally and narrower mesio-distally than the first molar
        
        The crown and root have a greater total length but are not always longer
        
        Only one developmental groove can be found: the buccal developing groove - acts as a mesiobuccal & distobuccal demarcation line
        
        The cervical line sharply toward the root bifurcation
        
        May have shorter roots than first molar, but differ significantly in this, as well as in their overall growth
  - - - .
        
        Except for the size, this tooth resembles the mandibular second molar from the mesial perspective.
        
        In most cases, the cervical ridge on the crown section is less developed buccolingually
        
        Occlusal surface is more constricted buccolingually.
        
        The cervical line is straight and regular in contour buccolingually, with little curvature.
    - - .
        
        With the exception of size, the distal region of this tooth has a similar anatomical appearance to the second molar.
        
        The buccal surfaces are more converging than the lingual surfaces.
        
        On the crown part, the distal cusp is in the foreground and buccolingually positioned a little buccal to the center, with the distal contact region visible on its distal contour.
        
        The contact area is located directly below the distal cusp ridge of the distal cusp and at a little higher height above the cervical line.
        
        The marginal ridge is made up of the distal cusp ridge and the distolingual cusp ridge of the distolingual cusp, and it is short.
    - - .
        
        Observes the buccal aspect in the same way, except for size and root development, it resembles the second molar in form when fully developed.
        
        The crown is wider mesiodistally at contact sites than it is at the cervix.
        
        The buccal cusps are rounded and short.
        
        The crest of the contour mesially and distally is about half the distance between the cervical line and the tips of the cusps.
    - - .
        
        A more rounded contour and a smaller buccolingual dimension distally are more common.
        
        Occlusally and buccally, no distobuccal developmental groove is visible.
        
        At the central pit on the occlusal surface, the buccal and lingual developmental grooves meet the central developmental groove at right angles.
        
        Many additional grooves emanating from the developing grooves roughen the cusp slopes on the occlusal surface, making them less smooth.
    - - .
        
        The crown is wider mesiodistally at contact sites than it is at the cervix.
        
        The buccal cusps are rounded and short.
        
        The crest of the contour mesially and distally is about half the distance between the cervical line and the tips of the cusps.
        
        It's a four-cusp type, which means it is smaller and only has two buccal cusps from this angle.
        
        Two roots, one mesial and one distal, are found on the average third molar.
  - - - .
        
        The crown from the mesial or distal aspect is roughly rhomboidal, and the entire crown has a lingual tilt in relation to the root axis with the surface of the crown is convex and smooth over the mesial contours of the mesiolingual and mesiobuccal lobes.
        
        Two cusps and one root only are to be seen: the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusps and the mesial root
        
        The buccolingual measurement of the crown is greater at the mesial portion than it is at the distal portion. The buccolingual measurement of the mesial root is also greater than the same measurement of the distal root.
    - - .
        
        More of the tooth is seen from the distal aspect, because the crown is shorter distally than mesially and the buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown converge distally
        
        The buccal surface shows more convergence than the lingual surface.
        
        The distal root is more narrow buccolingually than the mesial root.
        
        The distal cusp is in the foreground on the crown portion. The distal cusp is placed a little buccal to the center buccolingually, with the distal contact area appearing on its distal contour.
        
        The distal contact area is placed just below the distal cusp ridge of the distal cusp and at a slightly higher level above the cervical line than was found mesially compared with the location of the mesial contact area.
    - - .
        
        The surface of the crown lingually is smooth and sphe- roidal on each of the lingual lobes. The surface is concave at the side of the lingual groove above the center of the crown lingually.
        
        Three cusps may be seen: two lingual cusps and the lingual portion of the distal cusp
        
        The two lingual cusps are pointed, and the cusp ridges are high enough to hide the two buccal cusps from view.
        
        The mesiolingual cusp is the widest mesiodistally, with its cusp tip somewhat higher than the distolingual cusp.
    - - .
        
        The mandibular first molar is somewhat hexagonal from the occlusal aspect
        
        The crown measurement is 1 mm or more greater mesiodistally than buccolingually. It must be remembered that the opposite arrangement is true of the maxillary first molar.
        
        The buccolingual measurement of the crown is greater on the mesial than on the distal
        
        Also, the measurement of the crown at the contact areas, which includes the two buccal cusps and the distal cusp, is greater than the mesio- distal measurement of the two lingual cusps.
        
        In other words, the crown converges lingually from the contact areas. This convergence varies in individual specimens
    - - .
        
        The crown is roughly trapezoidal, with cervical and occlusal out- lines representing the uneven sides of the trapezoid.
        
        The surface of the buccal portion of the crown is smoothly convex at the cusp portions with developmental grooves between the cusps.
        
        If this tooth is posed vertically, all five of its cusps are in view.
        
        The two buccal cusps and the buccal portion of the distal cusp are in the foreground, with the tips of the lingual cusps in the background. The lingual cusps may be seen because they are higher than the others.