Reproductive System-Gabriel Cruz P2
Major functions of the Reproductive system
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Hormones of the reproductive system (male and female)
Disorders associated with the reproductive system (including STI’s)
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Methods and Classification of contraceptives
Events of the female hormonal cycles (be sure to include all categories)
Combined Hormone Contraceptives: Disrupt normal hormone levels like estrogen and progesterone to prevent follicle maturation and ovulation. Ex; chemical ring, patch, or oral contraception
Injectable Concentration: inject progesterone derivative to prevent follicle maturation and ovulation (works for 3 months)
Chemical Barrier: Have spermicides (more effective with condom). For example; creams, foams, or jellies.
Contraceptive Implants: implant a rod under skin that prevents follicle maturation and ovulation (3yrs)
Mechanical Barriers: Any physical way to prevent sperm from entering vagina. Like male/female condoms, diaphragms, or cervical cap.
Intrauterine Devices: an object in the uterus toxic to sperm & egg cells to prevent embryos by inhibiting growth of endometrium
Rhythm Method: No sex around time of ovulation, but ovulation flux so method is NOT EFFECTIVE
Sterilization; surgical method
Coitus Interrupts: w/drawl of penis before ejaculation in vagina (NOT EFFECTIVE)
STI
Female; produce an egg to be fertilized by sperm to make an offspring. Also to house it and provide the nutrients for the offspring.
Male: produce sperm to make an offspring by delivering it to female
Male Vasectomy; portion of vas deferns would prevent sperm from entering semen.
Female Tubal Ligation: cut uterine tube to prevent sperm from reaching the egg
Characteristics: may go unnoticed for some time with no symptoms. If symptoms start to show it would be fever, sores, blisters/rashes, lower abdominal pain, discharge, or painful sex.
Disorders
Testes
External accessory organs
Internal accessory organs
Seminal Vesicles:
Prostate Gland:
Ductus Deferens:
Bulbourethral (Cowper’s) Glands
Epididymis
Semen
Penis:
Scrotum
ovaries
external accessory organ
internal accessory organs
Labia Majora:
Labia Minora:
Uterus
Vagina
Uterine Tubes
female
male
FSH: stims the maturation of follicle in ovary
Estrogen: responsible for secondary sexual characteristics. In creases the first weeks of menstrual cycle. Stim by corpus luteum
LH; stimulates ovulation, and tells cells to produce testosterone to be converted to estrogen
Progesterone: cause endometrium to build to provide support and nutrients for fetus , and when not pregnant it triggers uterine changes during menstrual cycle
LH: development of cells of testis
Oogenesis
Menstral cycle
GnRH: Hthalamus stimulates this so the hormone can stimulate pituitary to produce LH & FSH
Trichomoniasis
Hepatitis
Pubic Lice
BV
Gomorrhea
PID
Definition: sexually transmitted infection (vaginal, anal, or oral sex)
Note we do not need our reproductive organs to survive
Location: above scrotum
Function: to stiffen for sex(corpora cavernosa and
corpus spongiosum), path for both sperm and urine,
Location; inferior to penis
Function: to house testes, regulate temperature for sperm production, and protect testes.
Structure; 250 lobes, with Seminiferous tubules that have spermatogenic cells to give rise to sperm, & Interstitial cells that are btw the ST that produce hormones
Function; produce sperm and hormones
Location; within scrotum
Located: it is connected to testis
Function: a tube that leads from testis to Vas def where the sperm matures, become mobile, and have the ability to fertilize an egg.
Location: epidiymis to ejaculatory duct
Function: take the sperm to ejaculatory duct for other organs
Location; attached to Vas def
Function: secrete fluid for semen, also help nourish the sperm, and contain alkaline ph which helps regulate the ph in vagina.
Location: surrounds the urethra
Function: secrete citrate, a nutrient for sperm, & Prostate specific antigen to help liquefy semen
Location: small and inferior to prostate
Function: lube the tip of the penis for sex
Location:
Function: fluid that contains sperm, and come out when ejaculation happens
Urethra
Chlamydia
Genital Warts
Genital Herpes
Scabies
Syphilis
ADIS
Locations: tube from ejactulation duct to the tip of the penis
Function; lets semen and urine out.
Clitoris
Vestibule
Vestibular glands
Location: ovaries to the uterus
Function: tube where fertilization happens of the egg and sperm
Location: superior to vagina
Function: developed the embryo and fetus if fertilized
Location; inferior to uterus
Function: revives the penis, and place where the baby comes out
Function; produce sex cells and hormones (will not produce more then what they are born with)
Location: oval shape that connect to the uterine tube
Location; inferior to vagina
Function: enclose and protect other external organs
Location: superior to Labia Majora
Function: protect the opening of the vagina
Function: space btw Lminora with urethral opening
Location: end of vulva
Function: to produce the feeling of pleasure for women
Function: fluid that lubes vestibule
FSH: Stim setoli cells of seminiferous tubules to responds to testosterone. W/ Testosterone they sim speratogenesis
GnRH: secreted by Hthalmus to tell anterior pituitary to secrete other hormones
Androgens
testosterone: develop repro organs, and responsible for secondary characteristics
4- The follicular becomes corpus luteum cell when the egg is release to secrete more estrogen and now progesterone
5- Fertilization doesn't happen which cause corpus luteum to degen with estrogen and progesterone
3- LH stim ovulation
6- The endometrium and nonfertilized egg start to come out
2- LH and FSH are secreted, and FSH stims follicle which in turn secrete estrogen.
7- pituitary secreates FSH & LH
1- Blood from previous cycle happens this is called the menstrual phase where the endometrium and the unfertilized egg comes out
8- Menstrual cycle repeats
3- then after time on ovulation day the oocytes is released
4- the egg goes to the Unterine tube and the follicle degens
2- the surrounding developed to a follicles
5- Follicle becomes corpus luteum to realse estrogen and progesterone
1- oocytes is surrounded by granulosa
6- if egg fertilized it will keep on secreting to provide support and ntures to the fetus
7- If degens to form a scar
Signs: PS; sores, SS; skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, fever, IS; no symptoms, and TS; can spread to heart and other organs
Treatment: antobodics but wont reverse damage done already, and have safe sex.
Description: sti that if not treated early can develop to something worse, transmitted during sex and come in contact with someone who has it
Signs, no signs but after time blisters on genitals or flu signs will show
Treatment; none but stuff to slow it, and dont have sex with people that have it
Description; STI that is caused by herpes virus T1/2, and transmited with someone who is affected by it during sex
Signs; Women; abdominal discharge, burning sensation when urinating. Male; swelling of testes, discharge, or burning sensation
Treatment: Medication and have safe sex
Description; STI that can make it hard for women to become pregnant, and transmitted through sex
Sign: Painful/swollen testes, different color discharge, and burning sensation of when urinating
Treatment: medication but wont reverse damage, and have safe sex
Description: sex wit someone who has it, can effect a baby inside a women and transmmited through sex.
signs; itching, inflammation, spots of blood on skin
Treatment: Lice killing lotion, dont share anything with people that have it
Description; insects on pubic hair, caused by contact during sex
Signs; inflammation, itching, and a burning sensation when ejaculating. Women, redness, sore, and smell
Treatment; Antibiotics, and to avoid it have safe sex
Description: STD caused by Trichomonas parasite, and transfer during sex
Signs: Fever, weakness, infection, cancer
Treatment; Drugs to delay symptoms and have safe sex
Description: effects bodies ability to fight off infections, caused by a HIV virus, and transmitted during sex
Lumps, marking on skin, itching
killing lotion, and avoid objects that have contact with it
STI, caused by a parasite with skin on skin contact
warts near crotch that can develop into cancer
medication and over sight by doctors,and there is a Vaccine but also use a condom
STI caused by a virus and transmitted through sex
painful sex, smell, irregular bleeding, etc.
Antibiotics and have safe sex
inflammatory disease of women caused by Chlamydia n gonorreha STD and transmitted during sex and having more than one partner
fish odor, pain, colored discharged
Antibiotics, limit partners you are having sex with
can increase the chance of STD, to much bacteria in vagina, and is transmitted during sex
cancer, long lasting, or death
Vaccines for A and B and have safe sex
caused by Hepatitis, A,B,C, can be transmitted through sex or even food