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Angela Santander Period 1 Reproductive System - Coggle Diagram
Angela Santander Period 1 Reproductive System
Major functions of the Reproductive system (male and female)
Four shared tasks of both male and reproductive organs
Form gametes
Bring gametes together through copulation
Combine genetic information through fertilization
Support gestation and parturition
Gametes
Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction(sperm and eggs)
Reproductive system becomes active
Puberty
Fertilization
Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell (zygote)
Homologous structures
Common origin during development but different male and female
Male tests
Female ovaries
Accessory reproductive organs
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
The scrotum
Midline septum divides scrotum into two compartments, one for each testis
Sac of skin and superficial fascia
Hangs outside abdominopelvic cavity at root of penis
Contains paired testes
3* C lower than core body temperature
Lower temperature necessary for sperm production
Scrotum is affected by temperature changes
Testes
Each testis is surronded by two tunics
Tunica albuginea
inner layer forms fibrous capsule
Tunica Vaginalis
outer layer derived from peritoneum
Septa divide testis into 250 lobules, each containing one to four seminiferous tubules
Sperm is conveyed from seminiferous tubules to straight tubule- rete testis-efferent ductules-epididymis
Spermatic cord encloses nerve fiber, blood vessels, and lymphatic that supply testes
Sperm mature in epididymis
Highly coiled
Pass slowly through at rate that takes 20 days, when they finially gain ability to swim
during ejaculation, epididymis contracts, expelling sperm into ducts deferns
Male Duct system
Accessory duct carry sperm from testes to body exterior
epididymis
ductus deferens
45 cm long
passes through inguinal canal to pelvic cavity
Joins duct of seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory ducts
ejaculatory duct
Urethra
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Hormones of the reproductive system (male and female)
Events of the female hormonal cycles (be sure to include all categories)
Disorders associated with the reproductive system (including STI’s)
Chlamydia
Most common bacterial STI
Caused by chlamydia trachomatis
Responsible 25%-50% of all diagnosed cases of pelvic inflammatory disease
Symptoms: urethris, penile and vaginal discharge; abdominal, rectal or testicular pain
20% of women and 10% men have symptoms
Treatments: antibiotics
Trichomoniasis
Parasitic infection that is more common in women than men
Easily and expensively treated
Symptoms: 70% of women have no symptoms
Gonorrhea
Bacterial infection of mucosae of reproductive and urinary tracts
Most infections are asymptomatic
In males, symptoms can include urethritis, painful urination, discharge of pus from penis
In females, symptoms can include abdominal discomfort, vaginal discharge, or abnormal uterine bleeding and possible urethral problems
Treatment: antibiotics, but resistant strains are becoming prevalent
Testicular Cancer
Rare but most common cancer in men age 15-35
Cryptochildlism is most common risk factor
Having mumps that lead to orchitis
Sign:painles, soild mass in testis
90% cured by surgical removal of testis and often radiation or chemotherapy
Syphilis
Bacterial infection transmitted sexually or congentially
Bacterial invades mucosae or even broken skin
If untreated, secondary signs appear weeks later
Treatment: penicillin
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Vaccination can guard against most common cancer-causing strains
Cause of genital warts
Group of 40 or more viruses is most common STI in United States
Genital Herpes
Caused by herpes simplex virus
One of most difficult human pathogens to control because most do not know they
are infected
Characterized by latent periods and flare-ups with vesicle formation
Treatment: antiviral drugs can reduce duration and intensity of flare-ups
Methods and Classification of contraceptives