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DISORDERS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR - Coggle Diagram
DISORDERS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR
PERICHONDRITIS
Definition
Inflammation of the perichondritis
Pathophysiology
an infection of the perichondral lining of the ear cartilage
primarily caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus.
Patients will present with an erythematous, swollen, hot external ear, with sparing of the lobule. There may also be a collection of pus present.
Causes
Trauma
Insect bites
Ear piercing (especially piercing of the cartilage)
Contact sports
Signs and symptoms
Redness
Pain
Swelling of the pinna
Sudden hearing loss
Abscess
Nursing interventions
Assess the level of pain with a pain scale
reduce anxiety
Administer antibiotics as prescribed and treat adverse effects accordingly
Always wash hands before touching the patient
Refer patient to speech therapist if hearing is lost
EAR ABSCESS/ FUNCULOSIS
Definition
Localized form of infection that is usually occurs following the infection of a hair follicle
Pathophysiology
exterior auditory meatus is a Staphylococcal contamination of the hair follicle(s) and as these hair follicles are restrained to the outer one-third of exterior auditory meatus, furuncles naturally are considered in this vicinity only.
Causes
Bumpy, red, pis filled lumps around the hair follicle
Fever
Tender, warm and very painful
Fatigue
Swollen lymph nodes
Severe pain and hearing loss
Signs and symptoms
Mild or severe pain in ear depending on the location of the boil.
Itching.
Irritation
Pus-filled lumps.
The center of lump becomes white or yellow-colored.
Temporary hearing loss (in case of infection)
Nursing interventions
Drainage
Administer medication as prescribed and treat adverse effects accordingly
Do wound care asceptically
Alley anxiety by explaining disease processes and outcomes
ORTITIS EXTERNA :
Definition
contamination of the outer ear canal that runs from the eardrum to the outside of the head.often
Pathophysiology
develops when the exterior ear canal will become susceptible to bacterial or fungal contamination by various mechanisms.
Sudden invasive changes in humidity from a speedy consumption of water into the ear canal can predispose the exterior ear to bacterial infection
Causes
Mechanical trauma scratching or injury of the foreign body
Polluted water exposure
may also be associated with a variety of noninfectious systemic or local dermatologic processes
Middle ear infection
Signs and symptoms
redness in the outer ear
warmth and pain.
feeling of fullness in the ear
Hearing loss
Itching
Tenderness
Nursing interventions
Dry swabbing, this remove ear wax from the ear canal
Give antibiotic ear drops
Teach patient to avoid wetting the affected ear
Encourage patient to remove neighbouring stimulus that can cause allergic reaction for example hearing aids
CERUMEN IMPERFECTION :
Definition
develops when earwax accumulates in the inner part of the ear canal and blocks the eardrum.
Pathophysiology
develops when earwax accumulates in the internal section of the ear canal and blocks the eardrum.
does now not manifest underneath ordinary circumstances due to the fact the cerumen is produced by glands in the outer section of the ear canal; it is no longer produced in the internal part.
Signs and symptoms
partial loss of hearing
tinnitus (noise or ringing in the ears)
Itching
sensation of fullness in the ear and otalgia
Pain in the ear
Dizziness
Causes
Cerumen is most likely to become impacted when it is pushed against the eardrum by cotton-tipped applicators, hair pins, or other objects that people put in their ears, and when it is trapped against the eardrum by a hearing aid.
Less common causes of cerumen impaction include overproduction of earwax by the glands in the ear canal or an abnormally narrow ear canal that tends to trap the wax.
Nursing interventions
Irrigation is the most common method of removing impacted cerumen
Ear candling, involves the insertion of a burning candle or a cone of wax-soaked linen or cotton into the affected ear
References
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