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case study: coastal forams and landscapes: ODISHA - INDIA - Coggle Diagram
case study: coastal forams and landscapes: ODISHA - INDIA
general intro:
480km long coast
sandy beaches, esturies, marine ecosystems
risks: floods, cyclones, erosion
ICZM
Ministry of Environment, forest and climate change: World bank: government of Odisha work together to form the ICZM
has 10 project executing companies
Two main purposes: sustainable management of coasts, and, reduce pressures on marine resources
started in 2010
covers 196km of coastline
covers two areas: Gopalpur - Chilika and Dhamara - Paradeep
What has been done and was it successful
fishing communities and villages on the coast
been given financial support for alternative livelihoods
value added product preperation
dairy and poultry farming
aquaculture
hygenic dry fish
Fisheries and animal resources development department manage this part of the ICZM
SHG have been implemented (self help groups)
has helped 7,423 families, 72 villages - through 600 SHG's
1 million dollars has been raised by SHG
as a result of increased money, they are now more enomically secure, and less vulnerable to climate change
Coir craft activity
has been developed for women so they can work
managed by the Micro, small and medium Eterprises department of the ICZM
positively affected 600 women
involved 40 SHG's and raised 40 thousand USD
Odisha tourism development
developed ecotourism as a form of alternative livelihood
the focus of these sites is in Chilika lake, and there are 6 of them there
ecotourism has resulted in 55% rise in employment in the Chilika lake region
resulted in a 31% increase in footfall in the area
cyclone shelters
14 multipurpose shelters have been built
one has been built in Purii
each shelter can accommodate 1,000 people - total capacity of 14,000 between them
other purposes include classrooms during the day, hosting social functions, and vaccination centre
Erosion control measures
2% of the coast has hard engineering (10km)
Beach erosion at PENTHA beach
geotextiles, and tube an bank which is soft engineering has been built by the ICZM.
Pentha covers 505m of the coast
from the soft engineering here, 41,000 people have benefited in 56 villages
farming communities has benefited from 6,800 Ha of land being protected from salt water accretion
Mangrove planting
has been completed by the wildlife wing of the forest and environment department
328ha of new mangrove have been planted
dual purpose
to protect from storm surges
evidence seen with the contrast of 10,000 deaths from 1999 cyclone and the 47 in the 2013 cyclone after planting of mangroves had begun
increases bio-diversity
they have also put in protection for the saltwater crocodiles and the oliver ridley turtles
they have produced 16 boats for monitoring and ecotourism activity
also encourages ecotourism
ecotourism also encouraged by the construction of monitoring stations and rebuilding of heritage sites
Chilika monitoring centre
managed by the chilika lake development authority
the wetland research and training centre has been upgraded
10 buoys have been deployed into the lake to monitor pollution levels in the lake
CMCE (the centre for management of coastal ecosystem) - monitor pollution and water quality
shoreline management plan (SMP)
4 sediment cells within the SMP
the main purpose is to minimise conflict