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Modal verbs, HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE, PAST PARTICIPE + HAVE +, HAVE + PAST…
Modal verbs
MIGHT
COULD
MAY
WOULD
People would have seen them the street below
WILL
People living nearby will probably have heard somehing
OUGHT TO
CRITICISM
SHOULD
REGRET
COULDN'T
conclusion about past event
MUST
particular past time
MUST
COCLUSION IN THE FUTURE
They must be going to arrest him
CONCLUSION AROUND OF TIME
She must be feeling dizzy
NEED
We can't include to after needn't
We needn't interview everyone in the block
DARE
IN NEGATIVE CONTEXTS
I daren't tell him I've got another job
HAD BETTER
We'd better find out all we can about guard as soon as possible
BE ALLOWED TO
GENERAL PERMISSION
BE SUPPOSED TO
LESS STRONG OBLIGATION
HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
He must know that he ought to have called the police
The forensic team should have finished examining the building by now
PAST PARTICIPE + HAVE +
One man alone couldn't have been carried all those things
The driver must have been waiting nearby
HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
Nik's fight was canceled , so he might be arriving much later than expected
BE + PRESENT PARTICIPLE
The thieves could have left the country by the time we get the airaport
+HAVE BEEN + PRESENT PARTICIPLE
Do you think he might have been expecting them
+HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
CAN'T
PAST PARTICIPLE
MUST BE GOING
only the security guard was allowed to stay in the museum
The entry code supposed to be known only by the security