Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Factors Affecting Coagulation & Flocculation - Coggle Diagram
Factors Affecting Coagulation & Flocculation
Temperature
The higher the temperature, the faster the reaction
Cold water near 0 o C is difficult to coagulate
Time
Provide sufficient mixing and detention time
Coagulant types
Choose the right coagulant for optimum result
Aluminium sulphate (Alum), most widely used
Coagulant dosage
Add the right amount of coagulant
Determined by jar test for optimum qualities of floc: (size, settling rate)
Characteristics of water
Types and Suspension Concentration
Nature of turbidity – Particles of different size are easier to coagulate than uniform size particles.
Highly turbid
waters may require a l
esser amount of coagulant
than waters with slightly turbidity
pH
Coagulant is generally pH dependent
Alum: 5.5 – 7.5 (optimum pH ≈ 7.0)
Ferric: 5.0 – 8.5 (optimum pH ≈ 7.5)
Mixing & Turbulence
Control the mixing rate &the turbulence
Degree of mixing
Can be mechanical or static