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Spain: The Bourbon Restoration - Coggle Diagram
Spain: The Bourbon Restoration
The reign of Alfonso XII and the regency of Maria Cristina
Alfonso XII
Some changes
Bipartisanship was established
Two alternating official political parties
Liberal government led by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
Conservative government led by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Caciquismo in rural areas
Allowed elections to be manipulated
Constitution of 1876
Shared sovereignty between the monarch and the Cortes
Recognised a constitutional monarchy as the only legal form of government
Two sides
Oppositionists
Areas of nationalism and regionalism
Galician nationalism
Basque nationalism
Andalusian regionalism
Catalan nationalism
The Carlists
Republicans, anarchists and socialists
Supporters
The Catholic Church
Landowners
The army
Middle-class business owners
After his death
The Pact of El Pardo was signed
Support the regency of María Cristina of Austria
The Disaster of 98
The consequences of the defeat
Appearance of regenerationism
Economic crisis
Demoralisation of the Spanish people
The causes and development of the conflict
Causes
Rejection of demands of the Creole bourgeoisie by dominant Spanish class
Demands of Cuban Creole bourgeoisie for political autonomy and economic freedom
Cuban War
Pro-independence forces were led by José Martí
The Philippines and United States intervened in favour of Cuba
Spain signed the Treaty of Paris
Cuba was independent
Puerto Rico and the Philippines was ceded to United States
The reign of Alfonso XIII
War in Morocco
Negative consequences for Spain
Annual disaster
Spanish troops were defeated at Annual
Tragic Week
Spanish reservists were sent to the war
The military problem
Accumulation of problems created a climate of political instability
Government was overthrown by a military coup
Led by General Miguel Primo de Rivera, who established a dictatorship
The development of the workers' movement
Workers' continued to fight for better working conditions
Some help from
Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT)
Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT)
They achieved
Creation of a pension system for retired workers
New laws to regulate female and child labour
An eight-hour working day and six-day working week
Legal recognition for trade unions
Political conflict
Constitution of 1876 was still in effect
New parties
Republican parties
Regionalist parties
Partido Nacionalista Vasco (PNV)
Lliga Regionalista de Catalunya (LRC)
Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE
)
Socialist left divided and the Partido Comunista Español (PCE) was formed
