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Application of Forces and Transfer of Energy - Coggle Diagram
Application of Forces and Transfer of Energy
forces
types of forces
non-contact forces
gravitational
magnetic
contact forces
elastic
normal
tension
frictional
formulas
weight = mass x gravity
pressure = force/area
moment of force/turning point = force x perpendicular distance
work done = force x distance
newton's three laws
A body continues in its state of rest, or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted by a net force of more than zero.
F = ma
Acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force exerted on the object, but inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
For every action force acting on an object, there is always an equal but opposite reaction force acting by the object.
thermal energy
types
convection
only happens in fluids
affected by density
forms convection currents
conduction
takes place when thermal energy is transferred from one particle to the next
continues until thermal equilibrium is reached
radiation
thermal energy is transferred by electrical waves
does not require any medium
can be absorbed and emitted
emission
larger the surface area, higher the rate of energy transfer
absorption
dull black surface absorbs infra-red radiation better
expansion and contraction
expansion
volume increases
density decreases
gas expands more than liquids which expand more than solids
contraction
volume decreases
density increases
bimetallic strip
bend and expand/contract at different rates
rivet
something that it used to join two metal strips
definitions
heat
not a physical entity
transfer of thermal energy from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature
thermal
total kinetic energy and potential energy of all molecules in a body
thermal energy
energy in body due to its temperature
related to mass
thermometry
centigrade (celcius scale)
0K = -273.15 degrees C
formula: θ = (lθ-l0)/(l100-l0)
lθ = mercury thread at unknown temperature
l0= mercury thread at ice point
l100 = mercury thread at steam point
properties of thermometer
sensitivity
measures the amount of change in thermometric property per unit change in temperature
responsiveness
measures how quickly the thermometer can register changes in temperature
temperature range
denotes the minimum and maximum temperatures that the thermometer can measure