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Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation 1953, Deprivation - loss of…
Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation 1953
Theory
Skodak & Skeels 1949
study
institutionalisation
on intelligence
studied children in care
→ preformed poorly on IQ tests but when in care provided w/ emotional care - intelligence scores
increased
emotional care
important for more than emotional development
Genie - Curtiss 1977
effects of
privation
Genie aged 13 locked away in room all her life → began to be
observed & tested
started to develop language & small developmental steps before being removed from research
emotional care
necessary for development
being without mother causes issues later in life
Value of maternal care
emotional care
most important for child development
Critical period
-
up to 2y
separation will have this effect (
mentally disturbed
) before this age
IF
there is no sub.
Long term consequences
→ Mental disorders -
ie depression
→ emotional maladjustment
Strengths
supporting research
→ Bifulco 1992 - women who suffered separation from mothers - showed
25% depression & anxiety
compared to
15% who had no separation
Highlights Bowlby's CP - deprivation can lead to later vulnerability
Weaknesses
not all kids react the same
→
Barrett separation studies
- SA sometimes cope well where IA become distressed
possible some develop emotional problems beside MD
Oversimplified concept
→
Rutter
argues B failed to distinguish between
separation, loss & privatisation of a figure
circumstances have life long effects
Deprivation
-
loss of emotional care that is provided by caregiver
Privation
- never having developed emotional bond w/ someone