"The problem of measurement stems from the fact that most (and
perhaps all) important social science concepts are not directly observable. They are latent. […] We cannot "see" justice,
democracy, governance, or power. [...] Alienation, anomie, charisma, civil society, collective conscience, crisis, culture,
democracy, dogmatism, equality, false consciousness, hegemony, ideology, legitimacy, mass society, national character
[…]." Gerring (2012: 157)