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development of attachment - Coggle Diagram
development of attachment
Schaffer & Emerson (1964)
explore
development of attachment
60 WC
infants from Glasgow studied from **5-23 weeks to 1y/o
mothers were visited every 4 weeks - reported infants response to separation & stranger anxiety
hypothesised 4 stages of attachment
developed a way to monitor development of attachment
stages of attachment
Indiscriminate attachment - 0-3 months
- similar response to inanimate/aminate objects
→ 2m - show preference toward
social stimuli
, happier w/ others
interactional synchrony & reciprocity
play role in developing relations. at this stage
Beginnings of attachment - 4-7m
sociability stage
- distinguish between familiar & unfamiliar faces
→ no stranger anxiety - comforted by unfamiliars
Discriminate attachment - 7-9m
-separation & stranger anxiety,
special joy
when reunited w/
primary attachment figure
specific attachment now formed
Multiple attachment - 9-1yo
- wide range of attachments
5 or more secondary attachments -
S&E - 29% infants formed MA
STRENGTHS
high ethical status
→ no harm caused to infants - S&E scenarios could occur naturally
ethically sound
WEAKNESS
low generalisability
→ only gathered from WC Glasgow babies
not applicable to all pop.
low reliablility
→ contradicts
sensitivity of father
- Heerman states men are less sensitive & Frodi states men & women same
results from S&E may not be reliable
applicable
→ father may benefit from increasing contact to infant to form attachment sooner
allows for attachment to be developed to help parents improve their roles
low validity
→ data given was
'self-reports'
- info provided by mother
may be biased & subject to demand characteristics
Sensitivity of father
fathers - less time w/ infants - not likely to be PG
Heerman 1994
- lack emotional sensitivity
more playful, physically active & better at providing challenging situ. for kids