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3.THE SPANISH HABSBURG DYNASTY, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
3.THE SPANISH HABSBURG DYNASTY
3.1.THE RELIGIOUS WARS
16th century
Spanish Monarchy
The most powerful in Europe
Carlos V
(Carlos I of Spain)
Reigned: 1516 - 1556
Felipe II
Carlos V
son
Reigned: 1556 -1598
The power belonged to the
Habsburg dynasty
Their objetives:
To
exert absolute political authority over Europe
Pursued similar political objectives
2
To
retain their territorial patrimony
Numerous wars against other kingdoms
Money:
The
riches obtained from the Americas were not sufficient
So they
became indebted to Italian and German bankers
To
defend Catholicism
Measures to preserve
religious unity
Their domestic policy
Discriminatory
published the
Index of forbidden books
limpieza de sangre'
to prevent the
conversos
, who were the descendents of Jews and Muslims
Outside Spain
Start religiously motivated wars
against the
Protestant states
3.2.ECONOMY AND SOCIETY IN THE 16TH CENTURY
The
economy prospered due to the riches obtained from the Americas
(
silver and gold
)
The port of Sevilla
monopolised trade with the colonies
(
Casa de la Concentracion
)
the
population increased and the cities grew
Fleet system
Felipe II organised
To
protect the ships from pirate attacks
The arrival of precious metals on the
Peninsula affected the Spanish Monarchy
The
arrival of metals enriched the nobility
the
majority of the population became poorer
The
craft industry
began to grow due to an increase in demand from the
American territories
It enabled the kings to finance the
numerous wars
The
monarchs were able to begin more expensive projects
resources ran out they resorted to increasing taxes
These were collected from the peasants and the bourgeoisie
the
privileged classes the nobility and the Church
did not have to pay them
The
economy continued to be based on agriculture
Fall in production
the
Spanish economy went into decline
Only small local craft industries were able to survive
end of the 16th century
Trade
the
number of products manufactured
decreased
Society
affected
The number of people who had to beg to survive increased and many joined the clergy to escape poverty
