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Nature's chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Nature's chemistry
fats & oils
Vitamins
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Glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol)
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alcohols
a homologous series of covalently bonded molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their functional group, the hydroxyl group -OH. They are polar covalent and therefore makes them soluble in water. They always end with 'ol'. General formula - CnH2n+1OH
Miscibility
smaller alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are fully miscible in water because the energy is released in forming hydrogen bonds between the alcohol and water molecules is enough to break the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules
Uses
hand sanitisers, solvents, fuels
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melting & boiling points
as the chain length of alcohols increase with the addition of a CH2 unit between each member their boiling points show a progressive increase.
esters
Uses - in makeup to prevent stickiness, perfumes to make them sweet, and car body paint
carboxylic acids
a homologous series of covalently bonded molecules containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
These can be identified by their carboxyl group -COOH.
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more
Uses - vinegar, polyesters, aspirin, nylon, plastic bottles etc.
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soaps
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hydrolysis of soaps produces 3 fatty acid molecules(which are neutralised by the alkali forming water soluble salts called soap) and one glycerol molecule
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