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Chap 3 - Coggle Diagram
Chap 3
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Sickle cell anaemia
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- base substitution- GAG to GTG
- mRNA - GUG instead of GAG
- valine instead of glutamic
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Mitosis
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- chromosomes supercoil and condense
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- spindles MT attach to centromere
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- chromosomes pull to opp poles
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- nuclear membrane reforms around chromo
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DNA profiling and aims
- sample taken from semen/ hair etc
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- DNA cut into frag- rest enz
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gene transfer
- removal of plasmid from bacteria
- use restriction enzye to cut plasmid
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bt corn
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- non targeted insects killed
- resistance to toxin evolves in pests
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Meiosis
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crossing over- Some alleles of sister chromatid on homologous chromo1 are transfered to sis c of homo chromo 2
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Independent assortment
Variation can occur in Prophase 1- chiasma form; metaphase 1 and 2- Random orientation
Independent assortment- two random chromosomes being together in a cell
Random orientation- randomly to any chromosome
Independent assortment randomizes the characteristics through generations
Chiasma formation and R.O AFFECT I.A
Multiple copies- PCR
Estimation of p.G- using
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colour blindness- sex linked; present on X chromosome; recessive; males affected if present; heterozyg female not affected; homo female affected