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THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…

- - - - agricultural land was owned by a wealthy minority
      - small bourgeoisie of business owners and a proletariat was formated
      - 1890 --> industrialisation began
    - - three-quarters of the population
        
        paid high taxes
        
        peasants who lived in poverty
        
        suffered hard working conditions
    - - Civil rights were not recognised
      - tsar had unlimited power and authority
      - political parties were repressed
- - - - for Manchuria
      - increased public hostility towards the tsar
      - new taxes were imposed
    - - despite being forbidden political parties created
        
        opposed the tsar.
    - - January 1905
        
        industrial workers in St Petersburg
        
        moved peacefully on the Winter Palace
        
        became known as Bloody Sunday
      - The Social Democratic Workers' Party met in secret
      - soviets were formed in St Petersburg and Moscow
      - Tsar Nicholas II authorised the formation of a Duma (parliament)
      - the Duma was dissolved and autocracy was re-established
    - - in 1914 the Russian Empire allied with Great Britain and France
      - 15 million soldiers were mobilised
- - - - protested about the disasters of the war
    - - March 1917
      - made up of liberals and Menshevik socialists
      - led by the socialist Alexander Kerensky.
    - - a democratic regime
      - elections with universal male suffrage
    - - led by the Petrograd Soviet
    - - April theses
      - led by Lenin
  - - - called the Council of People's Commissars
    - - died in 1924, Stalin succeeded him
    - - attacked the Winter Palace in Petrograd
    - - to expropriate land and redistribute it among the peasants
      - to change from Bolshevik party to the Communist Party
      - Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany
      - to found Third International
    - - In January 1918
      - formed the White Army, and the Bolshevik forces
        
        led by Trotsky
        
        the Red Army
      - White Army was defeated
- - - - The Communist Party of the Soviet Union :
        
        represented the interests of the workers
        
        the only political party
      - political power was held by the soviets
  - - - state controlled the important sectors
      - Peasants could sell their produce
      - capitalist systems existed to increase production