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Enzymes - Coggle Diagram
Enzymes
What are they?
Biological catalysts
speed up reactions in living organisms
Chains of amino acids - proteins
Catalyse specific reactions
Active site complementary to substrate
Lock & Key theory
Substrate fits active site perfectly
Induced fit model
Active site changes shape slightly as substrate binds - tighter fit
Affects of temp.
↑ temp, ↑ RoR
temp above optimum (40°)
enzymes denature (active site changes shape)
RoR drops
↓ temp
↓ energy, ↓ RoR
Different enzymes
Protease
Catalyses proteins --> amino acids
Produced in stomach, pancreas & sm. int.
Lipase
Catalyses break down of lipids --> glycerol & fatty acids
Made in pancreas & sm. int.
Carbohydrase
Catalyses carbohydrates --> sugars
eg. amylase
Starch --> sugars
mouth (salivary glands), sm. int. & pancreas
Affect of pH
Optimum pH for each enzyme
if pH changes, enzyme denatured
forces change
Amylase - pH 7
Lipase - pH 8
Protease - pH 2
