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GENETICS: The study of heredity - Coggle Diagram
GENETICS: The study of heredity
Gene- segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.
Chromosome- contains all genetic material for the cell.
Located on chromosomes
Allele- Alternate version of a gene.
Phenotype- physical features expressed from the genotype.
Genotype- pairs of genes for a trait aka organism's genetic makeup.
Heterozygous- - one copy of the dominant allele and one copy of the recessive allele.
Homozygous- two copies of the same allele.
Recessive- hidden copy where two copies are necessary to express a trait.
Dominant- stronger allele that is expressed if you have at least one copy.
Non-Mendellian Genetics
Codominance- both alleles for a gene fully expressed because each allele shares dominance.
Incomplete Dominance- two alleles neither dominant or recessive; results in offspring phenotype that is a blend of parental traits.
Reproduction
Mitosis- Cell division in which the nucleus divides into two identical daughter cells containing the same number of chromosomes.
Diploid- daughter cells produced in mitosis; full set or double number of chromosomes.
Meiosis- Cell division resulting in four daughter cells with half of the chromosomes of the parent cell.
Gamete- Sex cells produced in meiosis; egg cells and sperm cells.
Haploid- daughter cells produced in meiosis; half the number of chromosomes.
Crossing over- chromosomes trading some of their genes during meiosis for a recombination resulting in genetic variation.