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RUSSIA IN WWI, FEB REVOLUTION, OTHER CAUSES, Poor leadership, WWI,…
RUSSIA IN WWI
Jun 1914 - Austro-Hungarian Ferdinand assassinated by Serbs; appealed to pan-Slavism and the Russian Empire
Tsar's pro-war suggestion was initially supported + the Gov voted to raise taxes before dissolving itself
1914 Battle of Tannenburg - Huge dissaster, 300,000 dead/captured
12mil conscripted by 1917, could not be supported by the war effort - only 1 rifle for every 3 in 1914
1916 Brusilov offensive - Attempt to break through, but the deaths of eperienced officers led to 1.4mil desertions
1915 Zemgor - Formed out of governing bodies for the war effort, but Nicholas ignored it - led to liberal discontent
1915 - Nicholas gives responsibility for the war effort to civilian gov. - progressive bloc formed that advocated for constitutional monarchy
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FEB REVOLUTION
14 Feb - 100,000 workers from factories went on strike
22 Feb - 20,000 workers from Putilov Steel Works strike, others join
23 Feb - International Women's Day 90,000 workers strike and join IWW marches > 240,000 protesters
24 Feb - 200,000 workers strike, clear anti-Tsarist sentiments but no clear leadership
25 Feb - 250,000 strike, gov forces attack protesters
26 Feb - Tsar warned of situation in Petrograd, but he ignores issues and orders the Duma to dissolve
27 Feb - Tsar orders Duma to dissolved, soldiers mutiny and the Provisional Committee and Petrograd Soviet set up
28 Feb - Nicholas returns to Petrograd, but is arrested before reaching the city
OTHER CAUSES
Food shortages, huge levels of inflation, high taxation, 300% rise in cost of living
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Poor leadership
Leadership was incredibly poor, resulting in defeats in WWI, the poor economic situation (which was already bad) and also meant that the revolution was distinctly anti-Tsarist. Had Nicholas considered his options he could have remained as a constitutional monarchy
WWI
Failures in WWI were devastating to Russia's morale, exacerbated by poor leadership and terrible economic conditions. Conscription was also unpopular
Economic issues
There were considerable economic issues that were felt most of all by the revolutionary people of Russia. These economic issues were the main reason for the strikes that resulted in the Petrograd Soviet
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Most important reason - Poor leadership resulted in both the poor economic condition, as Nicholas was oblivious or indifferent and the Duma was incompetant and ineffectual. Poor leadership also led to the populace opposing the war effort, as the losses were blamed on Nicholas and his supporters