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Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanism - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanism
What is BP?
Pressure exerted by the column of blood on arterial wall during blood flow
Calculation
Pulse Pressure: (SBP - DBP)
Normal value: 40 mmHg
MAP (Mean Arterial BP)
MAP= DBP + 1/3 (SBP - DBP)
Average lateral pressure
on the walls of arteries during
1 cardiac cycle
Factor Determine BP
Peripheral
Blood volume
Venous return
Peripheral resistance
Elasticity of the blood vessel
Velocity of blood vessel
Diameter of blood vessel
Viscosity of blood
Central Factor
CO
HR
Mechanism to maintain BP
Renal Mechanism
/ Long term regulation
2 ways
Regulation of
ECF volume
Through
renin angiotensin
mechanism
Hormonal
Mechanism
Decrease BP
Bradykinin
Histamine
Prostaglandin
ACh
Increase BP
Noradrenaline
Thyroxine
Adrenaline
Nervous Mechanism
/ short term regulation
Vasodilator fiber
Vasoconstrictor fiber
Vasomotor center
Vasodilator
area
Sensory
area
Vasoconstrictor
area
Baroreceptor and Chemoreceptor
Local
Mechanism
substance called endothelium derived constricting factor
endothelin
produces by stretching blood vessel
activate phospholipase, thromboxane A2
then cause vasoconstriction
increase BP
Types of Hypertension
Primary
Secondary
Types of Hypotension
Postprandial
Neurally mediated
Orthostatic