BRITAIN AND THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
HISTORY OF BRITAIN
FRENCH REVOLUTION
SOCIAL REFORM
1760: King George III
Heavy taxation on the american colonies: commercial taxation, and american were angry bc they had a lot of resources in America, that they couldn't trade freely + they weren't reprsented in the parliament
Corrupted + Lord North (= prime minster, helped King George to create his own political party, that was corrupted)
Boston Massacre (1770)
Tea act (May 1773)
NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION: is the motto of the American colonies
4 july 1776: America declared its indipendece 🎉
First continental congress (Philadeplhia, 1774)
Battle at Yorktown in 1781, franco-american against british
Treaty of Versailles, 1783: Britain accepted the indipendence of USA \ still has control on Canada
William Pitt the younger (Prime Minister) 
prosperity was gradually restored
restore public finances
against the Ancient Régime: the social order and was against the absolute monarchy (=all powers are in the hands of the king) and the upper class' privilegies
Voltaire and Rosseau
fraternity
liberty
equality
Edmund Burke supported the revolution :
Burke predicted it would collapse
THE REIGN OF TERROR (1793-1794): Most radical phase; Rosbepierre's and Jacobean government execution of the king and his wife (Marie Antoniette) :
war with FR
Napoleon Bonaparte
abdicated
wars lasted 22 years
1815: congress of Vienna
Britain gained a lot of lands
Battle of Waterloo
french invasion
defeated by english allies
George IV (worst king) ❌
1830: William IV
presented whings (love reformes) ❤
The poor law, 1815
Factory Act
Reform Act 1832
Abolition of Slavery
Not who was already a slave (Abolition Act, 1833)
to protect children
under 18: 13 hours
forbidden employee under 9
workhouses
all male can vote
working class no political rights
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
end Napoleonic empire
increasing industry
new inrentions
James Watt
different sources of energy
James Hargreaves
Accelarate texitile industry
importing raw materials from colonies
Changes Caused
long hours
living condition appalling
poor pay
hand labour and small craftsman
Create Competition
out of work
WHY IT HAPPENED?
imperial expansion
increase population
technological innovation
agricultural revolution
Free trade (politically)
coal and iron
transport system
cheap raw material
cheap labour
increase products
manufacturing processes
Boston Tea Party (December 1773): a group of ppl threw barrels of tea into Boston harbour
The british parliament responded in 1774 with the Coarcive Acts ended the self-government in Massachusetts
reduce import duties
Boston wat 1775: Washington commanding the continental army against the british army
Three states
THIRD: peasants - commoners
SECOND STATE: Aristocracy
They started the revolution
FIRST STATE: church
Inspired by the values of the enlightenment
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Also Thomas Paine supported the revolution and also the middle class and working class bc the bookThe Rights of Man, he supported the idea of liberty and the right of ppl to overthrow an unjust government
CAUSES: the failure of the A.R. to manage the social and economical inequality - ONLY THE THIRD STATE HAD TO PAY TAXES
The Great Terror six weeks in 1794, period where if u were only suspected of going against the revolution, u were executed and u couldn't defend yourself