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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
Causes
The church's wealth
High clergy lived
life of luxury
Possessed
taxed the humble population
extensive lands
Obtained income by
from the veneration of
saints
Virgin Mary
holy relics
carrying out religious sacraments
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
provided
an income and economic rights
were therefore a way of getting rich
The bad example set by the high clergy
The hierarchy occupied positions for their own gain
Didn't respect the customs or morals that they preached
The sale of indulgences
the church needed money
it sold indulgences
helped believers to be forgiven for their sins
The low clergy's lack of training
Didn't behave appropriately
No importance to the training
therefore
its priests
Luther's break from Rome
The German priest
was scandalised by the amount of corruption in the Church
published 95 Theses in 1517
criticising the sale of
indulgences
other bad practices carried out by the ecclesiastical hierarchy
marked
the beginning of the
Protestant Reformation
His main principles
Free interpretation of the Bible
Priests should be abolished
He initiated the translation of the holy book into various languages
Faith
and
God's will
Depend on the good deeds a person does in life
Salvation
Forgiveness
Rejection of
saints
holy relics
the
veneration
of the
Virgin Mary
sacraments
except
Eucharist
Baptism
Opposition to the Church
owning property
support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
THE SPREAD OF THE REFORMATION
New doctrines
John Calvin
spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland
beliefs based on predestination
was a French theologian
spread across
Scotland (Presbyterians)
France (Huguenots)
England (Puritans)
Switzerland
the north of the Low Countries
The Pope
wouldn't give his consent for King Henry VIII
1534
he broke with the Catholic Church
the
Act of Supremacy
was passed
the Church of England or
Anglican Church
Ultricht Zwingli
founded the Reformed Church in, Zurich
rejected the authority of the Pope
was a Swiss pastor
proposed
abolishing religious imagery
celibacy among priests
