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Mumps - Coggle Diagram
Mumps
Parotitis (swollen parotid glands) — this is present in 95% of symptomatic cases.
Non-specific symptoms of fever, headache, malaise, muscle ache, and loss of appetite.
Epididymo-orchitis — affects up to 38% of infected men. Unilateral mumps epididymo-orchitis can significantly, but only transiently, diminish the sperm count, mobility, and morphology. Bilateral mumps epididymo-orchitis occurs in 15–30% of affected men and causes infertility in 30–87% of them.
Oophoritis occurs in about 7% of women, but rarely causes infertility or premature menopause.
Complications
Aseptic meningitis.
Transient hearing loss.
Pancreatitis.
Rarer complications include other central nervous system disorders (such as cerebellar ataxia, facial palsy, transverse myelitis, and Guillain–Barre syndrome), thyroiditis, mastitis, prostatitis, hepatitis, and thrombocytope
Advice
That mumps is usually a self-limiting condition. It will usually resolve over 1–2 weeks, with no long-term consequences and antibiotic treatment is not required.
To rest, drink adequate fluids, and take paracetamol or ibuprofen for symptomatic relief (aspirin should be avoided in children younger than 16 years of age).
To apply warm or cold packs to the parotid gland as it may ease discomfort.
To stay off school or work for 5 days after the initial development of parotitis.
Specialist advice:
There are signs of mumps encephalitis (for example, an altered level or loss of consciousness, focal neurological signs, or seizures).
The person develops mumps meningitis (characterized by severe headache, neck ache, high fever, lethargy, and vomiting).
Following epididymo-orchitis (particularly if it was bilateral), a man has an abnormal semen analysis, or is experiencing infertility.
Acute infectious disease caused by a paramyxovirus, characterised by bilateral parotid swelling. It is spread by respiratory droplets, fomites or saliva.
Incubation period of mumps is 16-18 days (range 12–25 days).
It is most infectious from around 1–2 days before onset of symptoms, to about 9 days afterwards, although it may be asymptomatic in 15–20% of people.
Asymptomatic mumps infection is common in children.
Mumps is a notifiable disease.