Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16TH CENTURY, image, image, image, image, image -…
SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16TH CENTURY
Spanish culture was greatly influenced by the Counter-Reformation
Felipe II impeded access to its doctrines in the following ways
Spaniards were not allowed to study in other countries.
Books printed outside the Peninsula were not allowed into the country.
Science in Spain progressed slowly because the new ideas and discoveries made in other countries took a long time to reach the Peninsula
Literature
The most famous religious authors were mystics who wrote about their spiritual experiences, such as Saint Teresa of Jesus and Saint John of the Cross
Garcilaso de la Vega was the most important poet
Art
The church and the monarchy used art to spread their ideas and values
The most important works of art were depictions of religious themes and portraits. In the Spanish Renaissance there were two styles
Classicist, which strove for harmony and serenity and was influenced by Italian art and Flemish painting
Mannerist, which dominated in the second half of the century. The works were expressive and had a dramatic quality
Architecture
In the first third of the century, the Plateresque style dominated
This style is characterised by ornate8 facades and was similar to the work that silversmiths produced at that time
Examples are the facade of Salamanca University, San Marcos Hospital in León and Santo Domingo Cathedral
In the second third of the century, buildings were constructed in a Classicist or Purist style
This style faithfully reproduced the architectural characteristics of the Italian Renaissance
The amount of decoration was reduced and classical elements were accentuated such as columns and pediments. The main examples are:
The Palace of Carlos V in the Alhambra in Granada by Pedro Machuca
Jaén Cathedral and El Salvador Church in Úbeda, both by Andrés de Vandelvira
Granada Cathedral by Diego de Siloé.
The facade of the Alcázar and the Bisagra Gate, both in Toledo, by Alonso de Covarrubias.
Sculpture
The most important sculptures in the Classicist style are those by the Italians Leoni Leoni and his son Pompeo Leoni
Other important works are Carlos V's and Felipe II's cenotaphs, the bronze sculptures on the altarpiece of the Basilica
With the adoption of the style of Mannerism, the faces of the sculptures became more expressive
They tried to evoke intense feelings to reflect the dramatic situations in some of the passages of the Bible
The main artists were
Juan de Juni, who produced works such as The Entombment of Christ
Alonso Berruguete, who produced works such as The Sacrifice of Isaac
Painting
The most important Spanish Renaissance paintings are those by Juan de Juanes
The Italian Titian, the main portrait artist from the Venetian school, was Carlos V's court painter, producing works such as Carlos V at the Battle of Mülberg and Isabella of Portugal
From the middle of the century onwards, the influence of Michael Angelo and Mannerism was reflected in the use of elongated figures with dramatic expressions on their faces
Examples are the works by Luis de Morales, such as Madonna and Child and Piety.
In the last third of the century, the most important artist was El Greco, a Greek artist who worked in Toledo
His works are characterised by the drama and spirituality reflected on the faces of his subjects
