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1-How and why does science advance?, 3)In 2003 Bill Bryson wrote: “Newton…
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3)In 2003 Bill Bryson wrote: “Newton was a decidedly odd figure - brilliant beyond measure, but solitary, joyless, prickly to the point of paranoia and famous for getting distracted by bizarre experiments”. Explain and comment on this quote using examples from what you have learnt about his life.
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In his book A History of Almost Everything, Bill Bryson answers many scientific questions
He spoke of many scientists including Newton, describing him as "a decidedly strange character, brilliant beyond measure but solitary, joyless, prickly to the point of paranoia and famous for being distracted by bizarre experiments." »
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His uncle will send Isaac to school, very quickly, he will reveal a very great intelligence
difficult relations with his comrades, due surely to his childhood and the abandonment of his mother, it's a loner
Not tolerating criticism, he distanced himself a little further from others by remaining alone in his corner. his enemy number one was robert hooke
his college is going to close because of the plague and it is from there that he will be most productive
Newton produced physics as we know it and described his own theory of calculus and the 3 laws of motion.
suspicious experiments like sticking a bodkin in his eye to see its effectit is partly thanks to this experience that it will improve the telescope.
His life will be animated by a rivalry against Gottfried Leibniz, revealing his true character.
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Newton was a loner, especially since he was never married
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4)Bill Bryson suggests that Newton’s Principia were written as the result of a bet. Explain why? Could this be considered as serendipity?
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Hailey received this book in 1685, a book based on the laws of movement and which is called, hilosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
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Unable to find the calculation that had led him to this assertion, Newton promised to send it to Halley, which he did a few months later
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It was in August 1684 that the English astronomer Edmond Halley went to Cambridge to discuss the problem of orbits with Newton.
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Isaac Newton and one of the most famous scientists of the seventeenth century. He studied at the famous Cambridge University
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It is therefore a bit by chance that the work begins but in no way the result at the end is a coincidence.
Principia was not written by chance, it is the result of a heavy work of great reflections
5)It has been said that the history of women scientists is in fact a history of women helping men scientists. Do you agree? Give examples to support your answer.
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In Ancient Greece, many women worked alongside Pythagoras.
The closing of access to knowledge is later: it dates from the Middle Ages, the sciences have become a matter of men
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Reine Lepaute, then Marie-Jeanne Harlay Lefrançois, who carried out various calculations to help the navy
The place of women in science has progressed a lot, one of them even received a Nobel Prize
women also conducted astronomical research, collaborated in the work of astronomers, such as Jeanne Dumée, known for her book on Copernicus
Marie Curie, a scientist of Polish origin, In 1903, she won a Nobel Prize for her work in physics and will obtain a second in 1911 in chemistry
Emilie du Châtelet, who translated a work by Newton. She is one of the first women scientists to have influenced those around her and whose writings have been preserved
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But they had no choice, they were deprived of studying and integrating into this environment
they should not be remembered as women who help men, but as women who fought for centuries to obtain the same rights as men and who still fight today to find their place in science.
Certainly, many women are famous for having helped male scientists
7)David Attenborough says that Darwin, “revolutionised how we see the world, and our place in it”. Comment using elements from his video, from the lesson and give your opinion.
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One day he will be interested in the life of Chalres Darwin and will introduce "Charles Darwin and the Tree of Life"
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before his theory on evolution and selection,he travels around the world
the mechanism of natural selection is quite simple; For example, a species will have children and it is the strongest who will survive and maintain the population.
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but as he was known, many followed him and recognized that he was right
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9)In the article: Nasa Rover lands to search for Life on Mars, CharlesElachi said; “We are going to continue not only exploring Mars, but exploring the solar system and exploring the universe, because our curiosity has no limit,” Do you think continuing space exploration is fundamental to the advancement of science or a historical waste of money and human resources?
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Charles Elachi was born in 1947 and he was the director of JPL (Jet Propulsion laboratory) --> special center of research
after the curiosity rover landed on Mars, Charles Elachi said: “We are going to continue not only exploring Mars, but exploring the solar system and exploring the universe, because our curiosity has no limit”.
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if it is really useful to continue the space exploration or if it just a waste of money and human resources.?
if we keep exploring the universe maybe we will find new habitable planets or new species although it will cost a lot of money.
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so it might be better to spend all this money and resources on more important things like for example in the fight against global warming.
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