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The Main Events of the Korean War in Stages: History Revision - Ela…
The Main Events of the Korean War in Stages: History Revision - Ela Nicholson
Stage One: The North invaded the South
On the 29th of July, General Walker created the Pusan Perimeter as a defensive line.
Throughout all parts of Korea, American bombers knocked out the main supply dumps, and eliminated oil refineries and seaports that handled imports.
Throughout July 1950, the North forced the USA/UN and South Korean troops back to the South-East corner of South Korea.
Stage Two: Operation Chromite
This occurred on September 15th 1950, and the landing was a decisive victory.
Seoul was recaptured and restored as part of South Korea.
MacArthur planned the Inchon Landing (Operation Chromite) as a counter-offensive.
By October 1st, the combined UNC forces were at the 38th parallel.
In June 1950, Truman asked Congress to increase the military budget from $13 billion to $48.2 billion, and to dramatically increase the US Armed Forces.
Stage Three: 'Roll back' into North Korea
The Eighth U.S. Army, along with the South Koreans, drove up the western side of Korea and captured Pyongyang on October 19th.
The UN offensive greatly concerned the Chinese, who worried that the UN forces would not stop at the Yalu River, the border between North Korea and South Korea, and might extend their rollback policy into China.
The UN forces crossed into North Korea in early October 1950.
Stage Four: The Chinese invasion
The Chinese allowed the UN troops some successes (Pyongyang and Wonsan) to make them think they were going to achieve an easy victory - but then counter-attacked and by November, the combined UNC forces were cut off in North Korea.
During the early negotiations, the Chinese delayed the proceedings by rejecting proposals.
Il Sung asked Stalin for assistance but he had been reluctant. The Chinese created the CPV (Communist Party Volunteers) which consisted of 300,000 fighters on the 14th of October, and attacked the UN troops.
The US took this opportunity to regather their forces.
Stage Five: Stalemate and the 1951 Offensives
General Ridgeway launched a series of attacks; Operation Killer, Ripper, and Rugged.
MacArthur wanted to push on for victory and drop atomic bombs on China.
The US Army then introduced the policy of attrition - a gradual wearing down of the enemy using heavy artillery and air support.
President Truman and the JCS (Joint Chiefs of Staff - composed of the leaders of the US Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps, that advises the US President on military matters) decided that MacArthur had to go.
Some of the US Second Division and the US First Marine Corps were trapped at the Choisin Reservoir; a humiliating defeat.