Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…

- - - - They lived in poverty
      - They paid high taxes
- - - - Despite being forbidden, various political parties were created which opposed the tsar
      - They were unhappy about the lack of rights and miserable conditions that most Russians lived in
    - - Bloody Sunday
        
        Industrial workers moved peacefully, on the Winter Palace, the tsar's residence
        
        January 1905 in St Petersburg
        
        Ask for improvements in working conditions and political reform
        
        The protesters were brutally suppressed
        
        The people responded with strikes and protests
      - The Social Democratic Workers' Party met in secret
      - Soviets were formed in St Petersburg and Moscow to organise the protests
      - Duma
        
        Had the power to make laws
        
        Elected by all the classes
        
        Tsar Nicholas II agreed to make some political reforms and authorised the formation of this parliament
        
        Soon after, the Duma was dissolved and autocracy was re-established
    - - The war was unpopular because new taxes were imposed in order to pay for the conflict
      - Soldiers were continually being recruited
      - Russia and Japan fought for control of Manchuria
      - Public hostility towards the tsar increased because of
        
        Badly organised army
        
        Outdated military equipment
        
        Lack of transport
    - - Russian Empire took part in 1914
      - 15 million soldiers were mobilised, most of them conscripted peasants
      - Because it was allied with Great Britain and France
      - Russian army didn't have enough food or weapons
      - The continuous defeats the army suffered under the leadership of the tsar caused further discontent among the people
- - - - When he died in 1924, Stalin succeeded him
      - Became Russia's leader
    - - Sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany
        
        Allowed Russia to withdraw from the war
        
        In return, Russia agreed to give territory to Germany
      - Expropriate land and redistribute it among the peasants and give the control of industries to the workers' committees
      - Change the name of the Bolshevik party to the Communist Party and make it the only legal political party
      - Found the Third International to coordinate all the communist parties around the world
    - - Between
        
        White Army
        
        (the tsarists, liberals and Mensheviks)
        
        Counter-revolutionaries
        
        Red Army
        
        Led by Trotsky
        
        Efended the new government
        
        Bolshevik forces
      - 1918–1921
  - - - In March 1917
      - Made up of liberals and Menshevik socialists led by the socialist Alexander Kerensky
      - The provisional government failed
        
        They did not keep their promise to redistribute land among the peasants and above all
        
        They did not withdraw from the war
    - - They legalised political parties
      - They called elections for the end of the year with universal male suffrage
      - They establish a Constituent assembly that would write a constitution
    - - Led by the Petrograd Soviet
      - It demanded the immediate withdrawal of Russia from the war
    - - Led by Lenin
      - The April theses
        
        Gained the support of the soviets after the distribution of this theses
        
        A political programme in which the demands of the workers, soldiers and peasants were met and the soviets were recognised as the supreme power.
- - - - Federal state that included Russia as the main republic
      - Several smaller republics
        
        Belorussia
        
        Ukraine
        
        Accepted the soviet system
  - - - The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was the only political party, and it represented the interests of the workers
      - Political power was held by the soviets
        
        Legislative power
        
        The power to choose the people who held executive power
  - - - Allowed some capitalist systems to exist to increase production
      - Because of the shortage of food caused by the civil war this was needed in Russia